The Ridiclulous Hsitory of Typos

Summary

Ridiculous History Podcast Episode Summary: "The Ridiculous History of Typos"

Release Date: June 20, 2025 Hosts: Ben Bullen and Noel Brown Podcast: Ridiculous History by iHeartPodcasts

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1. Introduction to Typos

In this engaging episode of Ridiculous History, hosts Ben Bullen and Noel Brown delve into the fascinating and often chaotic world of typos throughout history. Setting the stage, Ben emphasizes the universal susceptibility to typos, noting, “There is no organization, there is no authority that is immune to typos because they're very easy to mess up” (06:12).

2. The Wicked Bible: A Historic Typographical Error

The discussion takes a deep dive into one of the most notorious historical typos – the Wicked Bible. Ben and Noel explore how a simple omission led to significant repercussions:

• The Mistake: In the 1631 reprint of the King James Bible, the seventh commandment was erroneously printed as "thou shalt commit adultery" instead of "thou shalt not commit adultery” (10:07).

• Consequences: This blunder resulted in severe penalties for the printers. Ben recounts, “They lose their printing license, that all important, royal approval. They get a 300 pound fine held over their heads” (12:24). Noel adds humorously, “It's typo by omission. Is still a typo, mate” (10:39).

• Rarity and Value: Today, only about ten copies of this erroneous Bible remain, with one fetching between £10,000 and £15,000 at auction (12:24).

3. Dord: The Ghost Word in Dictionaries

Ben and Noel transition to the curious case of "dord," a famous ghost word that infiltrated the Webster's New International Dictionary:

• The Error: In the 1934 edition, "dord" was mistakenly defined as a noun meaning "density" in physics and chemistry (27:15). This was purely a misprint with no etymological basis.

• Discovery and Removal: It wasn't until five years later that an editor recognized the anomaly, leading to the removal of "dord" from subsequent editions. Noel quips, “That's right. And it’s pronounced however you want to because it's not a real word” (42:22).

• Impact on Lexicography: The incident highlights the challenges of dictionary compilation and proofreading, with Ben noting, “English is a living language and we're still learning it ourselves” (42:36).

4. The Pasta Bible Fiasco

The conversation shifts to a modern typo incident involving the Pasta Bible by Lee Blaylock:

• The Typo: A recipe intended to instruct the use of "black pepper" was mistakenly printed as "black people" (20:50). This glaring error led to significant backlash.

• Response: Penguin Australia, the publisher, had to recall and destroy the affected 7,000 copies, incurring a cost of approximately $20,000 (23:24). Ben humorously remarks, “They don't support adultery on paper. As the king, I just commit adultery” referencing the earlier Wicked Bible discussion (12:44).

• Public Reaction: The mistake caused public embarrassment and highlighted the importance of meticulous proofreading, especially in widely distributed works.

5. NASA’s Mariner 1: A Million-Dollar Typo

One of the most expensive typos in history involves NASA’s Mariner 1 spacecraft:

• The Error: In 1962, a missing hyphen in the guidance code led to the spacecraft veering off course shortly after launch (44:10).

• Consequences: NASA had to destroy Mariner 1 just minutes after liftoff, incurring a loss of around $18.5 million (46:02). Noel underscores the severity by stating, “When you're dealing with code and coordinates and things like that, every little character matters” (45:31).

• Technical Specifics: The actual mistake was the omission of an overbar in the symbol for radius, transforming an essential command into a non-functional instruction (46:15).

• Cultural References: Arthur C. Clarke humorously referred to this as “the most expensive hyphen in history” (46:38).

6. Conclusion and Future Topics

As the episode wraps up, Ben and Noel tease future discussions, including more high-stakes typos like those affecting the Lincoln Memorial and hints at upcoming episodes exploring the broader implications of typographical errors. Ben muses, “We can't wait for you to power through some ridiculous history with us in the future” (48:05).

They also acknowledge the role of their research associate, Jeff Factor, in uncovering these historical typos, and express excitement about sharing more absurd and impactful typo stories in upcoming episodes.

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Notable Quotes with Timestamps

• Ben Bullen: “There is no organization, there is no authority that is immune to typos because they're very easy to mess up” (06:12).

• Noel Brown: “It's typo by omission. Is still a typo, mate” (10:39).

• Ben Bullen: “They lose their printing license, that all important, royal approval. They get a 300 pound fine held over their heads” (12:24).

• Noel Brown: “That's right. And it’s pronounced however you want to because it's not a real word” (42:22).

• Noel Brown: “When you're dealing with code and coordinates and things like that, every little character matters” (45:31).

• Noel Brown: “We can't wait for you to power through some ridiculous history with us in the future” (48:05).

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Final Thoughts

Ridiculous History's exploration of typos serves as both an entertaining and enlightening examination of how seemingly minor errors can have profound and lasting impacts. Through historical anecdotes like the Wicked Bible and scientific setbacks like the Mariner 1 incident, Ben and Noel illustrate the delicate balance between precision and error in human endeavors. This episode underscores the importance of attention to detail and the often-overlooked significance of typography in shaping societal narratives.

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For more intriguing stories from the annals of human history, tune into Ridiculous History on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or your preferred podcast platform.

Transcript

[Ben Bullen]

Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. Welcome back to the show, fellow Ridiculous his historians. Thank you as always so, so much for tuning in.

[Noel Brown]

How are you doing this? You're a monster.

[Ben Bullen]

We got to give a shout out to our super producer.

[Noel Brown]

You're hurting my heart.

[Ben Bullen]

Last. Last one. I.

[Max Williams]

That was hurting everything. I do want to point out that beforehand I had like five mental typos before we hit start here. As in I even clapped. And when I. I kind of three in my own head and clapped before realizing I have to count out out loud for that to work.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, we clap to for fun. It's a ritual. It's technically a technical thing, but it's also fun to do.

[Ben Bullen]

It just gets us on board. It's a fun activity.

[Max Williams]

And just to confirm so no one has to be worried, I can confirm that we are in fact actually recording this right now.

[Ben Bullen]

Tight, tight. Hey, you're no Brown Me. I'm Ben Bullen and a while back, Noel, we had a lot of fun. You, Max and I were recording in the studio about a series on famous mistranslations.

[Noel Brown]

That's true. I remember nothing about it. No, that's not true. One of them was about Coca Cola being ghosts giving you ghosts.

[Ben Bullen]

The ghost of your ancestors back to.

[Max Williams]

The day and Jimmy Carter wanted to have sex with Eastern European country. Can't remember which one specifically.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, I think it may have been Germany or that may have been the old. The old tale about Kennedy and the alleged donuts.

[Noel Brown]

I just want to make love to the world.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, we've all been there.

[Noel Brown]

We're talking about a sort of, I guess adjacent topic today to mistranslations. We're talking about typos, which is, I don't know. Mistranslations is sort of its own ball of wax in that it requires sort of good intentions and then just kind of missing the boat. Typos are just kind of about willy nilly, you know, making mistakes. Usually it just involves a couple of extra letters like you said, Ben. But sometimes a typo can become a mistranslation, can't it? Or at very least an unintended word that has a hilarious. It's an often controversial meaning. And fallout. This is an iHeart podcast.

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[Noel Brown]

Taking over the helm of NBC Nightly News, a 75 year old broadcast. It's a great responsibility.

[Ben Bullen]

Good evening, I'm Tom Yama.

[Noel Brown]

You have to go out there to.

[Ben Bullen]

Bring people at home closer to the store.

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And when you listen, you get the truth.

[Noel Brown]

For NBC News, NBC News, NBC News.

[Enrique Santos]

I'm Tom Yamas.

[Noel Brown]

That's what we do every night.

[Ben Bullen]

NBC Nightly News with Tom Yamas.

[Noel Brown]

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Hello, Hello.

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[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, it can change the nature of what is being communicated. We're grateful for our research associate, Jeff Factor G helping us out with this. I was trying to do Some typo jokes as we were recording, they don't.

[Noel Brown]

Work so much anymore when you. It's more of a thing.

[Ben Bullen]

No, no, no. But I tried to misspell ridiculous history and it was tough to make my fingers do it.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, okay, I got it. You were doing verbal typos and typographical typos simultaneously. Okay, good to know you were committing to the bit, Ben. I respect the hustle. Today we're talking about major typos that cause some whoopsies, some chaos, a little hubbub.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, and typos are. Look, there is no organization, there is no authority that is immune to typos because they're very easy to mess up. If you read a lot, then you'll notice some typos occur more often than others. A famous example in graphic novels in particular is actually soldier spelled solidare.

[Noel Brown]

Interesting. It's a little inversion perhaps, right? Transposition rather. Or maybe it's neither of those things. But, you know, I guess in this day and age when most of our typing or our text based communication happens on devices, we've got a lot of autocorrect typos that are kind of fun and can be really hilarious. I don't know if this has ever happened to you, Ben, but has your phone ever accidentally gone into voice to text mode when you didn't know it and it was just listening in on a whole conversation? Then you look down and there's this absurdist composed poem there waiting. Sometimes I just send them to whoever it was composed to. Just for fun, for posterity and for art.

[Ben Bullen]

I mentioned it, I think, on stuff that I want you to know. But my most infamous and most embarrassing typo from Autocorrect. I was texting with my mother when she was around, and I told her we were just shooting the breeze. And I said what I meant to say was, yeah, Mom, I'm thinking of growing a mustache. And what Autocorrect in its infinite wisdom, decided I meant to say was, yeah, Mom, I think I'm thinking of growing a moist ache.

[Noel Brown]

Ooh, you've mentioned that before, Ben. A moist ache. That sounds so. Oh my goodness. Scandalous. You said that to your mother.

[Ben Bullen]

I know, but luckily she was a very forgiving woman. And it wasn't like I was making typos over at NASA. Though NASA itself is not a immune to typos. Maybe we start with a title. I know we both love the Wicked Bible.

[Noel Brown]

What have you done, Ben? I'll tell you, what you've done is a brilliant segue shucks shucks. The wicked Bible. The King James version of the Bible, one of the most ubiquitous versions of said holy text, spearheaded by, yes, you guessed it, King James.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, King James.

[Noel Brown]

Which one?

[Ben Bullen]

From earlier.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, there you go. That's all we need to know. And there is, if you can imagine, it's a museum for just about everything. A museum of the Bible. And they have a dot org and they had this to say about a very infamous typo that took place in printing of the Bible. Of course, the King James was one of the most widely circulated versions and that's what led to it being so ubiquitous even today. From collections.museumofthebible.org Printing the Bible with movable type on an early modern press was a remarkably difficult task as the King's printer, Robert Barker, held the exclusive right to print all English Bibles, including the King James Bible. But his early editions were marred by poor quality and you guessed it, typographical errors.

[Ben Bullen]

Yes. In the beginning, God said, let there be I. Yeah.

[Noel Brown]

And everything was I.

[Max Williams]

So also, if I can jump in here really, really quick, Noel posed this out into the universe, so I wanted to follow up with it. King James of Bible fame is King James 1 of England. King James 6 of Scotland. We've talked about this in the past, but basically those lines were merged together after the whole King Henry VIII and all that and all the fallout.

[Noel Brown]

Henry VIII. I am Henry.

[Max Williams]

Yes, exactly.

[Noel Brown]

Good note. King James 1, his buddy Robert Barker was making a mess of the English language in Bible form.

[Ben Bullen]

The dangers of Monopoly. Then as now, look for the majority of typos. If you're reading in a language that you're already fluent in, you'll usually be able to get the gist right. Because your brain will kind of prearrange. That's right, the pattern.

[Noel Brown]

But it'll transpose it into the right direction. Right, right. Yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

Including entire words. Right. And sections of phrases. But this is one of the most hilarious history rocking typos in all of Europe.

[Noel Brown]

It's typo by omission.

[Ben Bullen]

Yes.

[Noel Brown]

Is still a typo, mate.

[Ben Bullen]

Nonetheless. Yeah. In 1631, there was this reprint of the King James Bible. Robert Barker that we just mentioned teamed up with a guy named Marcus Martin Lewis to publish this. But they whiffed on one big important thing. The seventh Commandment. The seventh commandment in English translation reads, thou shalt not commit adultery.

[Noel Brown]

Clear. Got it.

[Ben Bullen]

Pretty explicit. Not open to interpretation. Unless you miss the word not.

[Noel Brown]

That's right. And, well, not all the commandments are things you're not supposed to do. Some of them are things you're supposed to do. So if you didn't know better, you might think they were. Wait a minute, I missed the memo on this one.

[Ben Bullen]

They totally missed the word not. And so this Bible had the seventh commandment printed as thou shalt commit adultery. And it appeared in like a thousand copies of this text.

[Noel Brown]

That's right, yeah. Which isn't a lot. And you gotta imagine that those would be worth a pretty penny. And that is in fact the case. I found an article from the Guardian from back in 2015 where one of these rare as heck wicked Bibles went on sale. One of only 10 remaining copies of 16, 1931's Sinners or Wicked Bible with the, as the Guardian puts it, infamous dipo imploring readers to commit adultery. And it went on auction for. Actually the asking price was between 10,000 and 15,000 pounds. Not sure what it sold for. I bet we could figure it out. Oh yeah, speaking of pounds, this was. They were pounded a little bit for this mistake. There was a bit of a fee involved, a bit of a fine.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. Hauled up to the court of the current king at the time, King Charles the first. And Charles I is just rightly upset. He said, you guys are making us look bad. We don't support adultery on paper. As the king, I just commit adultery.

[Noel Brown]

This is like totally my thing, you know, you're messing up. You're jacking up my spot, man.

[Ben Bullen]

Blowing up the spot. So they lose their printing license, that all important, royal approval. They get a, a 300 pound fine held over their heads. This, eventually the fine gets dismissed and £300 is an egregious amount of money at this point. And most of the texts are astute listeners. You heard us say 1,000 copies were printed. Only 10 known copies remain. It's because the government of the time actively sought to take these naughty Bibles out of commission and take it pretty seriously.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, yeah, because I mean, you know, in these days you couldn't just depend on people that kind of fill in the blanks. You know, this could have led to some, you know, societal upheaval in the wrong hands. You know, exactly what happened to the sanctity of marriage. It's out the window because of the wicked Bible.

[Ben Bullen]

Could have led to a lot of really weird domestic disagreements. You know, like, honey, I'm doing this as a Christian.

[Noel Brown]

Totally. And I'm sure there are many folks that truly believe that that's what they're doing. This unfortunately did lead to the SA unwinding Decline of Barker and his life, really. I mean, it's hard to walk that one back. You had one job, and you did a bad job and you got fined. You were the king's right hand printing man, and now you're out in the cold, and his reputation was shot. He was in and out of prison and ultimately died in prison, King's bench prison in 1645. Sorry to end on such a bummer, because this is kind of a. Oh.

[Ben Bullen]

It'S not the end, though.

[Noel Brown]

That's true.

[Ben Bullen]

Because there is a conspiracy theory at play.

[Noel Brown]

On purpose.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. We still don't know exactly how the misprint happened. The conspiracy theory is that there may have been an act of industrial sabotage. A rival printer knew. Just, you know, this is a very small industry at this time.

[Noel Brown]

It reminds me of that scene in Anchorman where they, like, mess with Ron Burgundy's teleprompter and make him tell San Diego to go F itself, because he'll, you know, that's an act. That was an act of sabotage, of. Of character assassination. And perhaps. Yeah, maybe somebody had it out for the guy. I mean, they thought he was a little too cozy with the king, and they wanted to cut him down a peg. And cut him down a peg. They did.

[Ben Bullen]

Good story, but maybe not entirely accurate. If we go to medieval studies expert Chris Jones, speaking with The Guardian in 2022, he says, look, that sabotage thing, it's a juicy story, but it's probably just a rumor. Chris knows a lot about printing at this time in the 1600s, and he says it's way more likely that these printers were in a cutthroat, competitive industry, and they were trying to cut cost, and they flew too far. They were. They committed a sin of, like, a budget line. Icarus.

[Noel Brown]

They flew too close to the. The typographical sun.

[Ben Bullen]

Yes. Yeah, yeah, they were squished. They were cutting cost on copy editors, says Chris, and that's what happened. So other people, devout Christians of the time, would have also burned their copies. That happened as well. This. This is a cool story.

[Noel Brown]

One man. You think we can get one? You think they're still here?

[Ben Bullen]

I'm surprised by how affordable they are.

[Noel Brown]

No, really? There's only 10. Hold on a second.

[Ben Bullen]

Max points out that in 2015, a copy sold for around $44,000 in 2023. Money. Which is way cheaper than I thought it would be.

[Noel Brown]

For sure. When you said affordable. That is not affordable. Affordable in terms of, like, historical artifacts.

[Ben Bullen]

In terms of ancient Bibles.

[Noel Brown]

Absolutely, absolutely. You can get reprints.

[Ben Bullen]

However, yeah, and reprints. Historical curios are always fun for us. Bibliophile.

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[Ben Bullen]

There's another one here that our pal Jeff found, which I had not actually heard of. And this is me neither. This is massively offensive, but it's also now, in retrospect, it's hilarious. It happened in 2010. This very recent the Pasta Bible by Lee Blaylock had to be reprinted in Australia because one recipe was supposed to call for salt and freshly ground black.

[Noel Brown]

People lest they cause a hullabaloo. And another breaking down of civilization as we Know it. We're cooking and eating our brethren because of this damnable Pasta Bible. I love the idea. It's funny that this is. Follow. You know, there's the Bible Bible, the wicked Bible, and then we got the Pasta Bible. And in my mind, it's a Bible that's made of pasta. But that's silly. I like that.

[Ben Bullen]

I like that.

[Noel Brown]

That' Salt and freshly ground black people. Oh, I was just reading. That's even worse.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, they meant black pepper.

[Noel Brown]

Yes, of course. But I didn't even catch that. They could have left out black and it just would have been funny. Now it's. Now they're going to cause a race war.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, well, it's. It's an egregious misstep and it shows us you can't trust automated spell check all the time. You need someone to read line by line. Here's what happened. We're going to. We're going to explore this with again, some help from the Guardian. There's a recipe or tagliatelle with sardines and prosciutto. Beautiful.

[Noel Brown]

Okay, yeah, I'm done with that.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. And it scandalized Penguin Australia, the publisher, because this is the recipe that said, you need salt and freshly ground black, not pepper. So they didn't know about this until someone bought the book and read it and wrote to them and said, hey, you guys, quick check in, quick circle up, let's have a chat. At this time, they had already printed 7,000 copies of the Pasta Bible. And they said, okay, well, we gotta take the L, we gotta destroy these because we cannot be seen advocating cannibalism. And the head of the publishing in Penguin Australia at the time, a guy named Robert Sessions, later spoke to the Sydney Morning Herald and said, this is going to cost about $20,000, which, again, surprisingly, I thought it would have cost more, but you can't really put a price on the public embarrassment. Right.

[Noel Brown]

It does appear to still be in print or something called the Pasta Bible. It looks like kind of like a coffee table type, big color photograph type recipe book. Hmm.

[Ben Bullen]

Interesting coffee table cookbook. I hope it has a big, like, bang pow sticker on the front that says now without cannibalism.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, exactly. Now I'm seeing multiple covers of it, which leads me to believe that it was printed in multiple editions. Oh, sure. And I do see a reprint of or an image of the page in question spelt tagliatelle with sardines and prosciutto. You got your spelt pasta dough, your extra virgin olive oil tablespoon two and a half tablespoons of butter, cloves of garlic, fresh red chilies, ciabatta bread torn into small pea. Interesting. Okay. Heartache. I'd like some more carbs with my carbs, please.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, yeah, exactly. It's like the British with the toast sandwich, which is still a phenomenal flesh indeed.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah. We've got diced prosciutto, 12 fresh sardine fillets, as the Brits might say. And then we've got salt and freshly ground black people. Someone has circled it and it says, oops. And then we've got some parsley, roughly chopped, and a quarter cup red wine vinegar. Sounds like a delight. Except for the oopsie.

[Ben Bullen]

Let me tell you why this is such a big deal, folks. Outside of religious text, the number one selling book format is the cookbook.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, of course. And they often are reprinted many, many, many, many times.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. And so as of this time, 2010, when Sessions is speaking with the Sydney Morning Herald, he says, look, we don't know how to recall copies that are already out in the wild. It'd be very difficult. He said, look, I'm mortified that this has become an issue. He's saying, it's clearly an accident. We obviously don't advocate for this. And he said it was probably automated spell check, not our proofreaders. We think this error is forgivable. It's a silly mistake. There's no implication. And if you are uncomfortable with your copy of the pasta B, just give it back to us and we will give you a new book.

[Noel Brown]

Stop being offended the public. Right, yeah. Good luck with that.

[Ben Bullen]

Don't be a bunch of dords.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, man. You and your Segways. That's right.

[Ben Bullen]

I don't know if dord is going to work as an insult.

[Noel Brown]

I think it does. It kind of sounds like dolt or, you know, or dullard or dork. You know, dord is great. What's the deal with Dord?

[Ben Bullen]

What's the deal with Dord?

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, that's good. It's very Seinfeldian of you. What is the deal with Dord? I don't know this one.

[Ben Bullen]

Oh, yeah. It is often called arguably the most famous dictionary typo of all time travel. Back with us to 1934. The new edition of Webster's New International Dictionary has published. And the editors say, okay, we're gonna institute a different system. We're listing abbreviations and words separately. And these are the kind of improvements you always see with reference works year over year or with te books, you know, just A little bit of clarification.

[Noel Brown]

That's right. And also, like, you know, sometimes new words do get. Get admitted. You know, that's sort of a thing. Right. Isn't there usually like a. We always talk about it. Like, this year, the word ghosted got, you know, admitted to the Webster's Merriam Webster Dictionary and also. What? The Oxford English. That's maybe the one that we typically talk about.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, the oed. Right, right. Oxford English Dictionary, they make a bit.

[Noel Brown]

Of a to do about it. They admit it's a bit of a newsmaker whenever there's new words. But dord, unfortunately, not a real word, not a new word, had no place or business in the zeitgeist whatsoever.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. If you look at this edition from 1934, you'll see one entry for Dor, sopsis or dorkapis, which is a type of small kangaroo, and dore, golden in color. Between those two, there is a word called dord, and it is described as a noun meaning density in the fields of physics and chemistry.

[Noel Brown]

I believe that. I would absolutely believe that. Believe that, dude. Quark, dord, juul.

[Ben Bullen]

What are some other spooky action?

[Noel Brown]

Spooky action from a distance even.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. Chemistry words are already wild. So we would believe this if we were not experts in physics or chemistry, which we are not in 1930s or in 2025. But Dord was not a word. It had not been accepted into canonical English. It wasn't. It wasn't a misprint of a word with a different definition. It just happened. And Webster's can later go on to confirm this. But it's also interesting, if you look at the definition, there's none of the usual bells and whistles of a dictionary entry. There's no etymology, there's no sentence or example of use. So we don't really. We kind of know how this ghost word came to be.

[Noel Brown]

That's right. Who called it a ghost word where credit's due. That's clever.

[Ben Bullen]

That's from Snopes.

[Noel Brown]

Good on you, Snopes. So in the first edition of Webster's, we started to see abbreviations. Making the. Making the cut. Things like LB for pound. Yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. And they were. They were combined with words, so they were all in the same list. You know, I don't know about that.

[Noel Brown]

Ben, how do you feel about that? That seems.

[Ben Bullen]

I think. I think it was smart of them to divide the two.

[Noel Brown]

They did eventually do that. Right.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah.

[Noel Brown]

I think it's a convoluting element that perhaps led to our kerfuffle Here.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. So you would be looking at the entry for the word lazy. Everybody knows that word if you speak in English. And right after it would be LB for pound. And LB is already, frankly, a very weird abbreviation, you know, because there's no L and there's no B in the actual word pound.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, wait a minute. So even in this first edition, they were supposed to be kind of in their own little section.

[Ben Bullen]

They didn't think it through. They were intermingled.

[Noel Brown]

That's right, Ben. Intermingled in edition one. And then they thought better of it. And by edition two, it was almost more of like a glossary type material. Right. Like a little section. An appendix, let's call it.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, yeah, absolutely. And in 1931, the boffins had prepared this card that had notation on it. The notation D or D, C, O, N, T density.

[Noel Brown]

Big D or little D. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

That kind of energy. This card, from what we can tell, was meant to indicate that the next edition of the dictionary that they printed would have listings for capital D and little D as abbreviations for the word dictionary density.

[Noel Brown]

I get it now. And instead, D or D became dord and got a definition that was density related and sciency. So the word was already out of place.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah.

[Noel Brown]

You know, you thought about, Ben, the logistics of. We're giving them a hard time, but the logistics of manually printing absolutely dense reference type material like this, it makes your head spin.

[Ben Bullen]

Absolutely.

[Noel Brown]

The level of organization to not have it all be totally jacked up really boggles the mind. So good on you printers of the past.

[Ben Bullen]

It also reminds me of that crazy, ridiculous, somewhat inspiring, but somewhat disturbing story of the creation of the Oxford English Dictionary. You probably heard. Yeah. The novel about the professor and the madman, which later became a film. I swear, we must have talked about this. Okay. There's a book called the professor and the Madman. It's nonfiction. It's by a guy named Simon Winchester, and it explores this bizarre and real relationship between the chief editor of the oed, a guy named James Murray, and one of the most prolific contributors to the first edition, a guy named William Chester Miner. So what James Murray did. To your point about this being a Herculean effort, James Murray asked interested members of the public to help contribute definitions.

[Noel Brown]

He crowdsourced it.

[Ben Bullen]

He crowdsourced it.

[Noel Brown]

How about that?

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. And it worked really well. One of the most frequent contributors, this guy, was just always mailing new entries. It turned out that he was mailing all of these so frequently because he had a lot of time on his Hands. He was a patient and a mental asylum.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, fun. Yeah, that'll give you something to do.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, it'll give you something to do with your hands, I guess. Right?

[Noel Brown]

Yeah. What was that guy that. The cat. The guy that drew lots of weird cats.

[Ben Bullen]

Lewis Wayne.

[Noel Brown]

That's a fun one, too. Y' all. Check that one out. Sad at the end of the day, but really cool. Psychedelic drawings of cats. And the somewhat misnomer of it, like, documenting his descent into madness or whatever. Right. Like, it was a little bit overstating the case.

[Ben Bullen]

We've got a series on it, and the art is just super cool.

[Noel Brown]

I would love that as a coffee table book. Right?

[Ben Bullen]

That's a good call. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I'd love it as an inexplicable cookbook. I want to make a fake cookbook.

[Noel Brown]

Psychedelic.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. That just says add, like, a little bit of periwinkle. No, wait, that's really. Add a. Add a shade of blue.

[Noel Brown]

Isn't a periwinkle also, like, a tiny mollusk?

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. Yeah. So that's too real.

[Noel Brown]

You could eat a periwinkle.

[Ben Bullen]

Ridiculous. Yeah, I have. Yeah. Yeah, they're not bad. Not bad.

[Noel Brown]

Okay. What about a barnacle? You ever eaten a barnacle?

[Ben Bullen]

I have not.

[Noel Brown]

People are screaming at their podcast device right now. Get on with it, you fool. All right. Hi, Zoe Saldana. Welcome to T Mobile. Here's your new iPhone 16 Pro on us. Thanks. And here's my old phone to trade in. You don't need a trade in. When you switch to T Mobile, we'll give you a new iPhone 16 Pro. Plus we'll help you pay off your old Phone up to 800 bucks and you still get to keep it. There's always a trade in. Not right now. @ T Mobile. I feel like I have to give you something in return for karma. That's okay. I don't really have much in my purse. Oh, oh, let's see. Hand sanitizer. It's lavender. I'm good. Seriously. Let me check this pocket. Oh, mints. Really, I'm fine. Oh, I have raisins. I'm a mom. Wait, wait one sec. I've got cupcakes in the car.

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[Enrique Santos]

In 2012, 16 year old Brian Herrera was gunned down in broad daylight on his way to Tuh.

[Ben Bullen]

Homework.

[Enrique Santos]

No suspects, no witnesses, no justice.

[Noel Brown]

The call was horrible. I replay it over my head all the time.

[Enrique Santos]

For years, Brian's family kept asking questions, while a culture of silence kept the case cold.

[Noel Brown]

Snitches get stitches. Everybody knows it.

[Enrique Santos]

Still, they refuse to give up.

[Noel Brown]

I would ask my husband, do you want me just let this go? He was like, no, keep fighting.

[Enrique Santos]

I told her I would never give up.

[Ben Bullen]

Up on this case.

[Enrique Santos]

And then, after a decade of waiting, a breakthrough.

[Noel Brown]

We received a phone call that was bittersweet because it's a call that we've been waiting for for a very long time.

[Enrique Santos]

I'm Enrique Santos. This is Cold Case Files Miami, a podcast about justice, persistence, and the families who never stopped fighting. Listen to Cold Case Files Miami as part of the Mikultura Podcast network, available on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

[Noel Brown]

Let's move on to Philip Babcock Grove editor in chief of that's Right, the third edition of Webster's New International Dictionary, who wrote an article about this whole fiasco in 1954. He said as soon as someone also entered the pronunciation, dord was given the slap on the back that sent breath into to its being. Well, you gotta read this one, Ben. This next part about the etymologist. Yeah, yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

It continues. Whether the etymologist ever got a chance to stifle it. There's no evidence. It simply had no etymology. Therefore, only a proofreader had the final opportunity at the word. But as the proof passed under his scrutiny, he was at the moment not so alert and not as suspicious as the wheel.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, the proofreader. The last line of defense fence.

[Ben Bullen]

So similar to that weird report about the cannibalistic cookbook, this edition of the New International Dictionary went out with dord, an entirely made up word, and nobody noticed for five years a bunch of people were reading it and just like us, they went, oh, dord density.

[Noel Brown]

Dord is also. It would be spelled differently, but it's when you run into a door. Yeah, you got door. You just got dored.

[Ben Bullen]

Uh huh. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

[Noel Brown]

I had a high school this. I don't know if I've talked about this guy before. His name was Mr. Dowds. And I don't know, it's not the same as Dord, but he felt like he could have been a Mr. Dord. He was the computer teacher, but he was this really tight little built bodybuilder of a man. And he. But like mega. He looked like the guy that played Darth Vader. And if you'll remember him in A Clockwork Orange, he's the Big dude that carries around the rider. And this is what Mr. Dowdes looked like. He even wore these big, thick rim glasses. But he and his bodybuilding buddies, for fun in college, he said they would, like, pick up people's Mini Coopers and move them to a different parking spot.

[Ben Bullen]

Oh, that's awesome. I've heard of that, Frank. Yeah. Also, Dord could possibly be a sub community of Nords in Skyrim.

[Noel Brown]

Arrow in the knee as its own etymological hilarity. Didn't we talk about how it meant to, like, propose or something like that, you guys?

[Max Williams]

Yeah, but to jump into the. The Dords would live in. Would live in Morwind. There'd be Nords living on the Morrowind.

[Noel Brown]

No, the Nor the Dords would live on the fjords of.

[Ben Bullen]

No, but I want d. I want Nords in Daggerfell to be called Dords.

[Max Williams]

Dunmer. Nords. Come on, guys.

[Noel Brown]

Oh, that's good. No, no, that makes sense.

[Max Williams]

Daggerfall 1 makes sense, too. But Daggerfall is not a providence. But it's just people who live in the Daggerfall.

[Ben Bullen]

Right, right, right. I don't remember Daggerfall.

[Noel Brown]

Is that in dlc? I don't know.

[Max Williams]

Daggerfall is the largest city in High Rock, which is also the name of the second game, Daggerfall, which takes place in the providences of High Rock and Hammerfall, which is. Which is where the Dunmer. I forget it wasn't Kagar, but he.

[Ben Bullen]

Threw pretty much the Dark El his.

[Max Williams]

Hammer, and that's where it landed. A hammer fall is actually the hammer you can get from Malacath in Skyrim. By the way, the rumor is that Elder Scrolls 6 is believed to be in High Rock, but then other people believe it's going to be in Hammerfall, not confused with Dagger Fall, because this is always the most confusing way to phrase these things, but no one actually knows.

[Ben Bullen]

Moving on, please, for the love of God.

[Max Williams]

I intentionally do that as a filibuster every single time because I watch Noel's Pain whenever I do that. It's.

[Noel Brown]

It's. Yeah, it's real.

[Ben Bullen]

Eventually, Elder Scrolls will come out with its next iteration. Will podcasts still be a thing? Will World War Three happen First, we don't know. But we do know. Five years after this dictionary invents the word Dord, an editor is read. Some guy who works literally with Webster's Dictionary is reading this, and he goes, hang on a ticket, Dord. And this person is brave enough to be the individual that raises their hands and says, yeah, hey, maybe I'm the dumb one here. But I've never heard of Dord. Why does it have no etymology? Why does it have no sample case? And, guys, I think there may be a mistake or mystery here. So they banish Dord from previous editions and almost no one noticed.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah. And it's pronounced diord.

[Ben Bullen]

Right? Right.

[Noel Brown]

Just now it's pronounced however you want to because it's not a real word. But as you like to say, Ben, English is a living language and we're still learning it ourselves. So who's to say? Maybe Dord will actually come around and finally get its due.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, yeah, yeah. Because people would compile this dictionary, back in the day, a bunch of dictionaries were ripping each other off. So it's kind of like how one Greco Roman historian would make one error and everybody else would just quote that error as gospel. So the word Dord, despite being outed as a ghost word, a phantom phrase, it keeps showing up in future dictionaries. And I love it.

[Noel Brown]

I love fake popping up like a real ghost. Yeah. Can't get rid of it.

[Ben Bullen]

Weird books. Let's make a. Let's make a nonsensical, ridiculous history cookbook. One, people will buy it because it's a cookbook.

[Noel Brown]

Sure. And we're definitely going to do it.

[Ben Bullen]

Two, we could throw in all. Yeah, we're definitely going to get to it. Yeah, we're going to throw in all sorts of surreal, like real Codex Seraphinas kind of stuff. I would love that.

[Noel Brown]

Yeah, absolutely. But until then, there's actually more. We have a bit more, but I think we're gonna reserve it for one of our future. Like, it's gonna be its own kind of psychedelic stew episodes where we just, you know, throw in a little bit of this, a little bit of that. But no fresh ground people.

[Ben Bullen]

No, no. That's a guarantee for us.

[Noel Brown]

Frohen Green, however, is people.

[Ben Bullen]

We are gonna get to more prestigious crazy typos like the Lincoln Memorial. And of course, we teased NASA. We're just gonna tell you this. It's sometimes considered a million dollar typo. You'll have to tune in to a future episode to see what we're talking about.

[Noel Brown]

The cannibal one was only a $20,000 typo. What could a million dollar. Ben, maybe we gotta talk about it. I don't know. It's pretty short.

[Ben Bullen]

All right. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. I'll play these reindeer games.

[Noel Brown]

Okay, let's play the reindeer games. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I just. It's too good not to give a little quick rundown on. And I think the people deserve it. On July 22, 19, 1962, Mariner 1, the spacecraft. You know the one. The Mariner 1 was being prepared for a mission to Venus. And was set to launch from Cape Canaveral, which you may have heard of there in Florida, just a few minutes after liftoff. However, the shuttle did have to be destroyed due to a course correction. Yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. The official accounts still dispute what caused this probe to veer dangerously off course just seconds after launch. And a lot of people will tell you there was a missing hyphen in the guidance code. Other people will tell you there was a missing decimal. And that's what created this domino effect of missteering.

[Noel Brown]

Now, this is an unmanned spacecraft. Let's just be clear. No lives were lost due to this typographical error. But. That's right. When you're dealing with code and coordinates and things like that, every little character matters.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. This poor guy. The Mariner won because I do answer anthropomorphize robots same. It lost control, it lost contact. And NASA made the call just 293 seconds after launch to blow the thing up. We know that it was a simple coding mistake. Like you said, Noel, computer code is not the same as writing poetry or fiction. It's not supposed to be open to soft interpretation. You're not supposed to get the gist.

[Noel Brown]

You gotta get it right. Overall, when we say a million dollar typo. We're talking more than a single million all in. Right? NASA lost around 18,5 mil. Yeah.

[Ben Bullen]

And they say that despite the rumors about missing hyphens or decimals, the real culprit here was the omission of something called an overbar for the symbol R for radius. So just a regular capital R instead of an R R with a line over it. So an error, a typo of not even a full letter.

[Noel Brown]

Just a little like a big D. Little D situation. Yeah. Just all over again. Yeah. The.

[Ben Bullen]

The big R was missing its. Its little.

[Noel Brown]

Needed its little cap. Yeah. And Arthur C. Clarke had some snark to dish out. You may know him from 2001 A Space Odyssey. Fame, he called it, with his rapier wit. The most expensive high hyphen in history. Which is, you know, it was an under par. Arthur C. Clarke. It was the hat, the hyphen that. You're oversimplifying it a little bit. Well, well, well done.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah. And you know, he. He's got away with words. There's a poetry to the man.

[Noel Brown]

No idea what that book is about though.

[Ben Bullen]

Which book?

[Noel Brown]

2001 A Space Odyssey.

[Ben Bullen]

You know what that's about?

[Noel Brown]

It's about the existence in the universe. Yeah. What is? The Star Child Childs. You know there's a sequel to the movie. I haven't seen it. It's supposed to be terrible. Roy Scheider's in it.

[Ben Bullen]

It's not great. It's an airplane watch. But I love that you're pointing out this is a multi million dollar mistake because even when it occurred, they were already set back 18.5 million. That is over $180 million today.

[Noel Brown]

That's exactly right. And that is where we will leave you fine. Ridiculous historians. Huge thanks to our super producer Max the Giant Skyrim Nerd Williams, who I love dearly with all of my heart.

[Max Williams]

I prefer Elder Scrolls, but yeah, I don't know.

[Noel Brown]

I just know. I just know Skyrim. I have a map of the thing in my guest room that was gifted to me by the lovely Matthew Frederick, who we will also thank and who will be joining us on this very program. That's Matthew 2 hands Frederick from Stuff they don't want you to know. What are we talking about? Coconut guy?

[Ben Bullen]

Coconuts, yeah. Lovely bunch of coconuts. Taking it to the extreme. This also we wanted in with some Good news. Mariner 2 did launch just 36 days later. It flew by Venus. It was the first successful scientific planetary mission. So NASA was able to to to power through this misstep and. And we can't wait for you to power through some ridiculous history with us in the future. We've already teased some guests. Please check out our upcoming exploration with the legendary Jorge Cham. Check out our rude dudes at Ridiculous Crime. You like our show? You'll love them. AJ Bahamas Jacobs, the living typo himself, Jonathan Strickland, AKA the Quister.

[Noel Brown]

More of a semicolon, really.

[Ben Bullen]

Yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, semicolons. I have some hot tips takes on those.

[Noel Brown]

What about an Oxford comma? Don't even get me started.

[Ben Bullen]

Oh man, the Oxford comma. We've got some stuff to break down off air. We can't wait to hear your favorite ridiculous typos.

[Noel Brown]

We'll see you next time, folks. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to your favorite show this July 4th.

[Tom Yamas]

Celebrate freedom from spills, stains and overpriced furniture with Annabe, the only machine washable sofa inside and out where designer quality meets budget friendly pricing. Sofas start at just $699. Making it the perfect time to upgrade your space. Annabe's Pet Friendly Stain resistant and interchangeable slipcovers are made with high performance fabric that's built for real life. You'll love the cloud like comfort comfort of hypoallergenic high resilience foam that never needs fluffing and a durable steel frame that stands the test of time with modular pieces you can rearrange anytime. It's a sofa that adapts to your Life. Now through July 4th, get up to 60% off site [e-mail] Every order comes with a 30 day satisfaction guarantee. If you're not in love, send it back for a full refund. No return shipping, no restocking fees. Every penny payback. Declare independence from dirty outdated furniture. Shop [e-mail] Offers are subject to change and certain restrictions may apply.

[Enrique Santos]

In 2012, 16 year old Brian Herrera was gunned down in broad daylight on his way to do homework. No suspects, no witnesses, no justice.

[Noel Brown]

I would ask my husband, do you want me to stop? He was like, no, keep fighting.

[Enrique Santos]

After nearly a decade, a brain breakthrough changed everything. This is Cold Case Files Miami, stories of families who never stopped fighting. Listen to Cold Case Files Miami on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcast or wherever you get your podcasts.

[Max Williams]

I'm Jake Hanrahan, journalist and documentary filmmaker. Away Days is my new project reporting on countercultures on the fringes of society.

[Noel Brown]

All across the world.

[Max Williams]

Live from the underground, you'll discover no Rules Fight, Japanese street racing, Brazilian favela.

[Noel Brown]

Life, and much more. All real, completely uncensored. Listen to the Away Days podcast, reporting.

[Max Williams]

From the underbelly on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

[Ben Bullen]

I think everything that might have dropped.

[Noel Brown]

In 95 has been labeled the golden.

[Ben Bullen]

Years of hip hop.

[Noel Brown]

It's Black Music Month and we need the talk is tapping in.

[Ben Bullen]

I'm Nyla Simone.

[Noel Brown]

Breaking down lyrics, amplifying voices and digging into the culture that shapes the soundtrack of our lives. Lives like that's what's really important and that's what stands out is that our music changes people's lives for the better. Let's talk about the music that moves us to hear this and more on how music and culture collide. Listen to we need to Talk from the Black Effect Podcast Network on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcast. This is an iHeart podcast.