
A wave of TikTok videos has fuelled a narrative that luxury bags and their counterfeits are made in the same factories. BoF's Sarah Kent joins The Debrief to unpack what this says about consumer trust and the growing backlash against brand mythology.
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Sheena Butler Young
Foreign.
Brian Baskin
Hello and welcome to the debrief from the business of fashion, where each week we delve into our most popular BOF professional stories with the correspondents who created them. I'm executive editor Brian Baskin.
Sheena Butler Young
And I'm senior correspondent Sheena Butler Young. This week we're talking about a strange new genre of TikTok videos that claim to be pulling back the curtain on the luxury industry's best kept secret. These videos are claiming that many of the super fake bags on the market come from the same factories as the real ones.
Brian Baskin
It's a great sales pitch, but is it true? And what does the popularity of these videos, true or not, say about consumer trust in luxury brands and the mythologies around them, especially as those mythologies and the prices that they charge have grown so much in recent years.
Sheena Butler Young
Here to help us make sense of It all is BoF's chief sustainability correspondent, Sarah Kent. Hi, Sarah. Welcome back to the debrief.
Sarah Kent
Thanks for having me, Sheena. And I think for this story my title has actually changed. I'm now chief TikTok correspondent.
Sheena Butler Young
Noted. We'll update that for the next one.
Sarah Kent
Yeah, please.
Sheena Butler Young
So, Sarah, talk to us about what these TikTok videos that have gone viral to the nth degree, what are they claiming?
Sarah Kent
So it's a combination. It's actually really interesting because Brian, you mentioned that, you know, the videos are claiming to produce super fakes in the same bags as luxury products are made. Only a handful of them are actually making that claim. A lot of them are just sort of saying, we can make these products that are as good as what the luxury brands make. But the way this trend has traveled and gone viral is other influencers and content creators have picked up on this narrative of these bags being made in China and created their own videos repeating this over and over until what people who view the videos take away is, oh, luxury products are being made in China.
Sheena Butler Young
You mean people online don't understand fact from fiction in a TikTok video?
Sarah Kent
Wait, what? It gets confusing.
Sheena Butler Young
You know it does.
Brian Baskin
And that's the headline of your story, right? Luxury's fake news problem.
Sarah Kent
Right. And you know, part of the reason that people don't understand fact from fiction isn't just because people, you know, take things on face value online when perhaps they should be a little bit more critical, but also because, like, luxury provides very little transparency over where its goods are produced. And so it's very easy for false narratives to take hold because there's not a lot of information out there to contradict it.
Brian Baskin
And that's intentional, right? I mean, we mentioned mythology before, but I mean, that's. That's part of the brand that you don't really know. I mean, you're meant to assume, I guess there's some atelier in Italy that's hand stitching all, you know, 10 million Louis Vuitton bags being sold out there. But that's. That's never been true, right?
Sarah Kent
That is 100% the mythology of the brands. And depending on the brand, that is more or less true. Like, Hermes is quite a vertically integrated company. It does own a lot of factories, and a lot of its products are made in its own factories. Most of the other brands are not. Louis Vuitton is relatively vertically integrated, but a lot of the other LVMH brands are not. So, for instance, Dior, the majority of its products are not made in factories that LVMH owns. And the minute that happens, then there's more of a question mark over where those things are being made. And unlike a lot of fast fashion companies, which now do publish lists of their suppliers, most luxury brands do not.
Sheena Butler Young
So we've called this a strange new genre, but these videos didn't exactly come out of nowhere. Can you help us draw the connection between what we were seeing on TikTok and the trade war that's happening?
Sarah Kent
Yeah, it was sort of this weird reaction to the tariff. You know, one thing that's interesting is this genre of video had existed before April particularly. You had content creators going to factories and saying, hey, you know those Lululemon leggings you love? This is where they're made. But once the tariffs were introduced, I think this is kind of the algorithm, topics like Made in China got pushed up the agenda. People started watching them, and suddenly, because more attention was being drawn to these videos, more people started making them and they started talking about, hey, not just these products are made in China, but you know what would be a great way to avoid tariffs? These products that are really expensive already. Why don't you just buy direct from us Chinese manufacturers at a much lower price? So, like that $10,000 Chanel handbag, we can sell it to you for a few hundred bucks, and it's more or less the same thing as the sales pitch.
Brian Baskin
And have we established whether you can actually do that? I mean, I'm assuming probably not a real Chanel bag, but what about the lifelike fake?
Sarah Kent
There are many unboxing videos on TikTok now of people squealing in happiness over how the fake they have bought is. So people seem very happy with their purchases, but I don't know if that is. I cannot recommend that. This is what people go and do. These are not real products. You don't know what quality you're going to get. You're taking a risk by following this procedure.
Sheena Butler Young
Can you talk a little bit about the claims that these manufacturers are making about their connection to the actual luxury brands? Are they claiming to have a relationship with Louis Vuitton or Hermes, which you've already established is probably the least likely to have any connection here? Are they claiming that Some of them.
Sarah Kent
Are, but not that many. Only a handful of videos have actually been made directly claiming to have that relationship, and those got taken down very quickly. But they've been reposted, reshared, they've traveled very fast, and that message has filtered through. And, you know, we. The story we wrote talked about luxury's fake news problem. And this is, you know, this is really the fake news element of it. It is supremely unlikely that any factory that had a real relationship with any luxury brand would go on TikTok to market super fakes like that is a very lucrative relationship that will not exist anymore if you make a decision to do that. So if you do see someone on TikTok claiming to manufacture for Hermes or Louis Vuitton or Chanel, it is very, very unlikely that they actually do so.
Brian Baskin
Duly noted. What I find so interesting here, though, is not so much the existence of these videos or even the claims they're making, but how true it feels to so many people. I was telling YouTube before the show that even though I know in my head this is all fake, essentially, there's still some lizard part of my brain that still thinks it's true and I cannot get rid of it. And I am sure that is true of many. It's. It's the I can't name a brain part. Okay, cut that part out.
Sheena Butler Young
I'm asking because we've made this joke in editorial meetings too, where I. I said, I literally created, like, boilerplate text to send all my friends that know what we all do. And, like, reached out to me and said, well, should I invest in the Chanel bag anymore? Because I just saw this thing on Tik Tok. I was like, well, you really thought that every single little component of anything is made in just one place and that that might be true for, like, a small, like, fraction that of some of the merchandise. But even if it's the zipper and Sarah, you could probably talk a little bit about this. I mean, that's probably in the weeds. But I thought people knew that.
Sarah Kent
Yeah, I mean, this is part of what's interesting, right? Because like Brian, you say it's this weird lizard part of your brain, but it is also the fact that, you know, we're operating on these hugely globalized supply chains. And you know, even if a product is made in Italy or made in France, a lot of the components that go into that product are likely made elsewhere in the world. Like the most high quality zippers people often talk about are ykk, it's a Japanese company. Those aren't manufactured in France or Italy. There's lots of different bits of componentry that go into handbags. There's also a question of like, where the best forms of manufacturing now take place. For instance, if you were making performance footwear or shoes or sneakers in particular, China, Cambodia and Vietnam are probably the best factories you can find in the world to do that. And so if you want to make a luxury product of that quality, you probably don't want to make that in France or Italy. It kind of depends what you're making.
Brian Baskin
And then here's the serious answer about my lizard brain, which is that I, to Sarah's point, I think deep down most, or even on the surface, most people do not care where their products are made. I don't actually care. Made in Italy, made in China, like that is really a stand in for, do I believe this is a quality product or not a quality product. And the fact that so many people gleefully shared these videos, even though they claim to be fans of these brands, says that they don't really think these products are worth the money.
Sarah Kent
Well, and the other thing about this is it's a delicious narrative, isn't it? It's like there's this story that's been building around luxury, you know, since the pandemic, really, since brands really started hiking their prices, where consumers were like, oh, is this worth it? Oh, maybe the quality is going down, we don't trust it. And this is just like delicious, delicious little piece of intrigue that plays into this narrative people already have in their heads. You know, they're loving to bash on these brands. And you know, this is just such an entertaining way to do that.
Sheena Butler Young
And speaking of loving to bash on these brands, they're not really saying much, right. They're sort of reacting the way you expect a very coveted private protected luxury brand to respond, which is to say nothing. What do you make of that as a response?
Sarah Kent
I think it's a really interesting moment for luxury because, like, historically they've they've kind of treated the media a bit like the Royal family does, where the policy is never complain, never explain. Well, actually luxury brands complain a lot, but they don't like to explain. And you know, historically in an old fashioned media landscape where brands had a huge amount of control over where things got placed and how information was dispersed, that could work. Because if you didn't talk about something, people lost interest and they moved on. In a social media age, I don't know if that will work so well. In fairness, this trend seems to have peaked in April. Over the last week or so, there have been fewer posts around this. So maybe it was the right decision to just kind of say nothing and hope it goes away. But I think the underlying conversation around between consumers questioning the value of luxury isn't going to go away. And if brands aren't giving compelling information that explains, hey, you know what, like this is where our stuff is made and this is why it's valued in this manner, those questions aren't going to fade. And I think one of the awkward things for a lot of the luxury brands is they don't have a simple story to tell here. You know, they can't say, actually These are the 15 pristine ateliers we use to make everything. Their supply chains are much more complex and they don't really want to have to delve into that with their customer base.
Brian Baskin
I love the example of that Chanel video that got posted and taken down. It's such a perfect illustration of that.
Sarah Kent
Well, I mean this is such an interesting video example. So there was a story that came out at the beginning of April, before any of these TikTok videos had taken off, before Liberation Day, before, you know, when we all thought we were going to live in a pre trade war world. And the story was about how Chanel manufactures and it was part of the company's strategy to explain, you know, our bags have got more expensive but like this is why they're so valuable. And the video showed a factory in France where a lot of the stitching was mechanized. It was machine stitching. And this is actually just how Chanel bags are made. If you're doing those kind of puffy fronts and you try and hand stitch that, it gets very like, that is not the most efficient way to do it. You need to use machines. But people saw this and they were like, my Chanel bag is not handcrafted, you know, and they reacted very badly. And the video got taken down and got replaced with photos of individuals sewing the bags. But the damage had kind of been done because all the comments underneath it were then like, oh, hey, you know, we saw the original video, we know what's going on here. So I think that's part of it too is if you're going to talk about this, you really do have to explain and go deep. And that, that's very difficult to do when you're a brand built on mythology and just, you know, this, this amazing image that you want people to understand very quickly. It's, you know, the equivalent of sound bite culture, but through an image.
Sheena Butler Young
We'll be back with more of the debrief right after this.
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Sheena Butler Young
We talked about them not responding, you know, in the medium where the backlash is taking place. So Chanel is not going on social media and speaking back to TikTok creators about the truth, but what about legally? Is there anything that a luxury brand could do legally in the face of this kind of content surfacing around?
Sarah Kent
I mean certainly behind the scenes they can be engaging with tick tock and asking them to take down videos and, and some of the videos have been taken down. Things we all know on social media that the efficacy of that kind of thing can be limited because you take down the original, but 100 people have already taken it and shared it and it's, you've lost control. The trade associations associated with the luxury industry in France have also been quietly lobbying policymakers, making this really about a counterfeiting issue. Which it is like this, this has, you know, super fakes have been a growing issue for some time. This has taken this to an even more mainstream level and made it even more, you know, you don't even need to do some basic googling to find a supplier for your super fake. Now it's all over TikTok. And so they've made this a counterfeiting issue and they're saying hey, we need to crack down on this legally because this is an IP problem and I think that's a smart strategy. But it's interesting that they've been quite quiet about it because again, no one really wants to draw attention to this issue.
Brian Baskin
Yeah, I mean what they really need to do is address that underlying quality issue if that perception doesn't change. There's no amount of legal smackdowns or takedown of TikTok videos that's going to solve that problem for them. I mean, what are they doing to address this quality question?
Sarah Kent
Well, I think that is a more difficult question than it was three months ago. Up until very recently, the elevation strategy for a lot of brands was, okay, we've raised prices, but, you know, we want to simplify our product regime and focus on making the products that we're making even better. Now I think the entire fashion industry is just in panic mode thinking, what the hell do we do about the current tariff regime? And we need to figure that out before we do anything else. So I think everyone's priorities are a bit different than they were.
Brian Baskin
Plus, they don't want to have to be in the position of essentially competing with their own dupes and trying to say, well, look, our bag is better than this bag. You don't want to acknowledge that other bag's existence, probably.
Sarah Kent
I think that's totally right.
Sheena Butler Young
And the truth is, Gen Z, the next generation that's going to have the spending power, doesn't really care, it seems. I mean, they're the drivers of dupe culture. So I think luxury brands, we talk about lessons that they can learn or what they're going to do about this. I don't know that they can rest on their laurels for very much longer.
Sarah Kent
I mean, it goes to this kind of heart of the question around what drives the value of a brand? Because it's clearly not just the IP if someone else can copy it. So what makes people want to buy the real thing versus a fake? And at the moment, it seems like the brands are losing that battle.
Brian Baskin
I think we may be overselling this, though, and I know I'm the one who keeps pushing it, but I think I'm overselling it because, like, look at two of the most successful companies amid this luxury downturn. It's Hermes, which, as we established, owns its own production, really does rest its reputation on quality, and makes that central to all of its branding. And then another one that's performed better than I think people expected is Richemont, which makes a lot of jewelry and watches, which really aren't, you know, subject to these kind of videos as much because it's a lot harder to fake a Swiss watch than a handbag.
Sarah Kent
That is very true. Although I did have an interesting conversation about Hermes, which was less about not trusting the quality and more about how do you react if you walk down the street and, you know, all of the Girlies have very convincing fakes on their arms and you've bought the real thing. Like is that as desirable as it was before?
Sheena Butler Young
Well, Nia, now you just look like the person that's willing to spend 10x on something that there is such a.
Brian Baskin
Slight difference or worse, they think you're carrying a fake and you did exactly spend 10x.
Sheena Butler Young
Well, you've got to prove you spent 10x and then there's no value in that. Now you just look like you're willing to overspend spent in people in especially I think Gen Z and younger millennials minds that did not come up of age with the same sort of value system around luxury.
Sarah Kent
But here's what I think is interesting about that as well. Just to play, I guess to bring in the other point of view on this is you've also got the emergence of a boom boom culture now. And so we've been talking about this coming out of this age of quiet luxury where everyone's kind of paired back. But if we switch to a moment of excess again, you could go back to a point where everyone wants to be wearing that logo bag and have the thing on their arm. It's all cyclical.
Brian Baskin
Yeah. Oh, totally is. I mean, I was just looking at this quote from LVMH's US CEO from earlier this week where he said quiet luxury was getting pretty annoying. I can tell they're quite eager to move on from this moment when you can have these lookalike like kind of slimmed down bags and just like go crazy again.
Sheena Butler Young
So I'll take it back to the beginning for a second when we started off with these TikTok videos and maybe they've peaked in April, maybe they'll come back around again. Sarah, what should be my updated boilerplate text for people that are asking us about the reality of these videos and should they invest in luxury or not or what these really mean. What are the big things that we should know and what, what is the truth here?
Sarah Kent
Okay, I would say, number one, if a factory or a content creator is claiming to have a relationship with a luxury brand on TikTok, they almost certainly are not. Those bags are not real. Number two, a lot goes into creating these bags. Obviously buying a knockoff is very tempting, but there's a reason we have IP protections. It is so that those creatives who are trying to do something new and exciting are protected. The luxury brands can. They've got a lot going for them, but particularly for smaller independent brands. If you're, if you're choosing to buy a knockoff or fake of what they've done versus investing in the brand themselves. That that really hurts small creatives. You know, it's kind of similar to what we saw in the in the music industry when everyone was like streaming for free. You're really screwing over the creators. So everyone has their own moral code. You decide how to spend your money, but just bear that in mind. And then I think the third thing is the made in label just doesn't. It's not a shorthand for quality anymore. Like there are factories that are incredible all around the world. So don't be snobby about where something is made.
Sheena Butler Young
Sarah, this was amazing. Thank you so much for joining us.
Sarah Kent
Thank you guys for having me. Always a pleasure.
Sheena Butler Young
Please be sure to check out the Sarah's article Luxury Has a Fake News Is Silence the right strategy? @businessofashion.com this and other stories are available to BOF Professional subscribers only and you can find the links in the episode notes. You've been listening to the debrief, produced and edited by Olivia Davies and Eric Ria. I'm Sheena Butler Young.
Brian Baskin
And I'm Brian Baskin. We'll be back next week with a new episode. Thanks so much for joining us and be sure to follow us wherever you you get your podcasts.
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The Business of Fashion Podcast: "TikTok, Tariffs and Luxury's Fake News Problem" Release Date: May 13, 2025
In this episode of The Business of Fashion Podcast, hosts Brian Baskin and Sheena Butler Young delve into the burgeoning phenomenon of TikTok videos that claim to expose the luxurious world's closely guarded secrets. The discussion centers around the credibility of these videos, their impact on consumer trust, and the broader implications for luxury brands amidst evolving global trade dynamics.
Sheena Butler Young introduces the topic: a new genre of TikTok content alleging that many high-end fake bags are produced in the same factories as genuine luxury items.
Brian Baskin poses a critical question: "It's a great sales pitch, but is it true? And what does the popularity of these videos, true or not, say about consumer trust in luxury brands and the mythologies around them?" (00:37).
Sarah Kent, BoF's Chief Sustainability Correspondent, elaborates on the trend:
"A lot of them are just sort of saying, we can make these products that are as good as what the luxury brands make... until what people who view the videos take away is, oh, luxury products are being made in China." (01:18)
The conversation shifts to the confusion these videos create among consumers, blurring the lines between fact and fiction due to the lack of transparency from luxury brands regarding their production processes.
Sarah Kent highlights the issue:
"Luxury provides very little transparency over where its goods are produced. And so it's very easy for false narratives to take hold because there's not a lot of information out there to contradict it." (02:07)
Brian Baskin summarizes the problem as "Luxury's fake news problem" (02:08), emphasizing how the mystique surrounding luxury brands makes them susceptible to misinformation.
When asked about the reaction of luxury brands to these claims, Sarah Kent points out their traditional approach of silence:
"Historically they've treated the media a bit like the Royal family does, where the policy is never complain, never explain... In a social media age, I don't know if that will work so well." (09:37)
An illustrative example involves a Chanel video showing mechanized stitching in their factories, which contradicted the brand's handcrafted image. The video was taken down, but the initial damage lingered as viewers remained skeptical:
"The comments underneath it were then like, oh, hey, we saw the original video, we know what's going on here." (12:41)
Sarah Kent discusses the legal avenues luxury brands are exploring to combat misinformation and counterfeiting:
"The trade associations associated with the luxury industry in France have been quietly lobbying policymakers, making this really about a counterfeiting issue." (16:02)
Despite efforts to remove misleading content from platforms like TikTok, Sarah acknowledges the limited effectiveness of these measures once misinformation has spread:
"You take down the original, but 100 people have already taken it and shared it and you've lost control." (16:02)
The episode explores how Gen Z's indifference to traditional luxury brand narratives fuels the dupe culture. Brian Baskin observes:
"The fact that so many people gleefully shared these videos... says that they don't really think these products are worth the money." (08:50)
Sarah Kent adds that this generation enjoys dismantling the mystique of luxury brands:
"They're loving to bash on these brands. And this is just such an entertaining way to do that." (09:22)
The discussion delves into the intricate global supply chains of luxury brands, challenging the notion that "Made in" labels signify superior quality or exclusivity.
Sarah Kent explains:
"A lot of the components that go into that product are likely made elsewhere in the world... there's a lot of different bits of componentry that go into handbags." (08:23)
Brian Baskin counters by suggesting that the value of a brand is increasingly detached from its manufacturing origins:
"Made in Italy, made in China... that is really a stand-in for, do I believe this is a quality product or not a quality product." (08:50)
As luxury brands grapple with maintaining their esteemed image amidst rising skepticism and counterfeit proliferation, the episode concludes with reflections on potential future trends. Sarah Kent speculates on the cyclical nature of luxury and counter-culture movements:
"If we switch to a moment of excess again, you could go back to a point where everyone wants to be wearing that logo bag..." (19:53)
Brian Baskin references LVMH's US CEO commenting on the annoyance with "quiet luxury," indicating a possible shift towards more conspicuous expressions of wealth:
"He said quiet luxury was getting pretty annoying. I can tell they're quite eager to move on from this moment..." (20:22)
This episode underscores a pivotal moment for luxury brands, caught between preserving their cherished myths and adapting to a more transparent, information-driven marketplace. As consumer skepticism grows and the lines between authentic and counterfeit blur, luxury brands must navigate these challenges thoughtfully to sustain their prestige and relevance.
For more insights, you can read Sarah Kent's article titled “Luxury Has a Fake News Problem: Is Silence the Right Strategy?” available exclusively to BOF Professional subscribers.