The Battle Over a Church Worth Millions

Summary

The Journal. — "The Battle Over a Church Worth Millions"

Date: December 18, 2025
Hosts: Ryan Knudson & Jessica Mendoza
Featured Guests: Cam McWhirter (WSJ journalist), Amy Grant (musician & descendant of church founder)

---

Episode Overview

This episode digs into the high-stakes legal and moral fight for control of Nashville's Central Church of Christ, a once-thriving congregation now at the center of a multimillion-dollar property battle. The saga involves dwindling membership, alleged "steeplejacking," and a legal battle pitting Grammy winner Amy Grant’s family—descendants of the church’s founder—against a new leadership group led by Shawn Mathis. Through this story, the episode spotlights a broader, often-overlooked phenomenon: what happens to aging church properties with valuable assets as their congregations fade?

---

Key Discussion Points & Insights

1. The Decline and Revitalization Attempt

• Historic Roots (00:05 – 06:46):

  • Founded in 1925 by insurance executive A.M. Burton to help Nashville’s needy.
  • The church once boasted hundreds of members, ran a daycare, and provided community support.
  • Membership declined as congregants moved to suburbs, but the church retained valuable assets:
    • $11 million building (2025 assessment)
    • Two lucrative parking lots ($40,000/month revenue)
    • $3 million in bank/endowment funds for missionary work

• Shawn Mathis Arrives (00:46 – 07:18):

  • In 2017, newcomer Shawn Mathis attends a service and is welcomed into leadership due to his relative youth and enthusiasm.
  • Mathis outlines “big plans” to revive the church, including leveraging the internet and expansive missionary work.
  • Quickly takes control of the board, renames the church, and shifts focus toward broader, online ministry efforts.

Quote:
"He was very interested in talking about reviving the church... expand its mission to the whole world via the Internet. He had big plans."
— Cam McWhirter (01:19)

• Controversial Changes (07:18 – 08:22):
  • Under Mathis, the church ceases weekly services, pays Mathis and his father salaries, and offers housing stipends—raising red flags for long-term congregants.
  • Longtimers begin questioning finances and leadership, eventually leaving as they feel pushed out.

---

2. Family Legacy Meets Modern Conflict

• The Burton Family Gets Involved (08:33 – 11:35):
  • Amy Grant and cousin Andy Burton become concerned as the church appears abandoned and boarded up.
  • Their connection is personal—A.M. Burton was their great-grandfather.

Quote:
"I can see the boarded up church... Now it's just stripped of everything. It's stripped of everything, including water services and electricity."
— Amy Grant (10:36)

• Grant says A.M. Burton’s intention was to serve all people—"the pauper and the successful businessman"—and the current state of the church “was not being used for anything.”

---

3. The Legal Battle & Unusual Deed

• The Trigger: Original Deed Clause (12:55 – 13:44):
  • The original 1925 deed stipulated:
    • The property remains a church, but if worship ends, it reverts to the Burton family.
    • The cessation of services under Mathis triggers the clause.

Quote:
"In the deed he includes a provision that says this building is in perpetuity... as long as there's church services. And if there aren't, then the property reverts back to the family."
— Cam McWhirter (13:09)

• Litigation Unfolds (13:44 – 16:00):
  • The Nashville Church of Christ (Mathis’s group) sues Amy Grant and the Burtons, arguing the deed no longer applies. Litigation drags on for years.
  • Mathis’s lawyer claims the Burtons are motivated by the property’s high value.
  • The broader, rarely-discussed issue of “steeplejacking” emerges:
    • Definition: A younger outsider takes over an aging, wealthy congregation.
    • The phenomenon is growing in America, as many small, independent churches lack oversight and have sizable assets, but dwindling congregations.

Quote:
"Steeplejacking is like carjacking. A group or an individual comes along... expresses interest in joining the church and the next thing you know, they're in charge."
— Cam McWhirter (14:59)

---

4. Settlement and Future Vision

• Settlement Terms (16:51 – 17:36):

  • In October, a settlement is reached:
    • The church building reverts to the Burton family.
    • Parking lots remain with Mathis’s group.
    • Proceeds from the building sale: 80% to Burtons, 20% to Mathis’s group.
  • The church’s attorney says the proceeds will be invested in global missionary work.

• Amy Grant’s Hopes (17:57 – 18:52):

  • For Amy, the settlement “feels like a first down”—not the end.
  • She’s spoken with groups about converting the building into a new center for the unhoused and community groups, continuing the legacy of service.

Quote:
"People would gather and sing and pray every week. If somebody was homeless, they were fed without question. I mean, it’s not an impossible dream."
— Amy Grant (18:20)

---

Notable Quotes & Memorable Moments

• On the Internet and Modernization:
  "We have advantages that others did not have in the past. We have the Internet. We have the Internet."
  — Shawn Mathis (clip, 01:32)

• On the Disappearance of the Church’s Original Mission:
  "What was left of that investment was not being used for anything and the building’s boarded up."
  — Amy Grant (11:24)

• On the Broader Trend of ‘Steeplejacking’:
  "There are instances... where people are seeing these assets coming in and using them in ways that divert from the original intent or the intent of the religion."
  — Cam McWhirter (14:26)

• On Amy’s Personal Stake:
  "Yeah, he was my great-grandfather. I might want to step into this."
  — Amy Grant (10:56)

---

Important Segment Timestamps

• 00:05 – Introduction to the church and its history
• 01:19 – Mathis’s plans for revival
• 06:46 – Church assets overview
• 07:54 – Services stopped, controversy begins
• 09:06 – Enter Amy Grant and family concerns
• 12:55 – Discovery of deed’s unique reversion clause
• 14:59 – Explanation of “steeplejacking”
• 16:51 – Details of the settlement
• 18:20 – Amy Grant’s vision for the church’s future

---

Tone

The episode maintains the Journal’s trademark calm, inquisitive, and empathetic narrative style, balancing historical context, financial intrigue, and personal legacy with the gravity of a story about community, stewardship, and the evolving American religious landscape.

---

Summary Usefulness
If you haven’t listened, this summary provides all the critical threads: the background, timeline, actors, conflict, legal intricacies, emotional stakes, and outcome. It also captures the flavor of the reporting and the participants' voices.

Transcript

[Ryan Knudson]

There's a church in Nashville, Tennessee that's been around for generations. It's a five story red brick building that was once a pillar of the community.

[Cam McWhirter]

And for many, many decades, the church was really thriving down there in the heart of Nashville.

[Ryan Knudson]

That's my colleague Cam McWhirter. Cam says that like many churches around the country there, eventually the congregation shrank and got older.

[Cam McWhirter]

The church over time, dwindled. Ultimately, by the late 2000 and tens, it had, you know, maybe 30 people going to, had a lot of assets, but it didn't have a lot of people.

[Ryan Knudson]

Then One Sunday in 2017, a man named Shawn Mathis showed up. He came for a service there with his wife. Mathis was in his 40s, much younger than average member. And the congregation, which was desperate for newcomers, welcomed them with open arms.

[Cam McWhirter]

They knew it was declining, they knew there were issues. So when Shawn showed up, at first they were very excited.

[Ryan Knudson]

Mathis said he wanted to get involved and started sharing his thoughts about how the church could grow. What were some of his ideas?

[Cam McWhirter]

He was very interested in talking about reviving the church and bringing in more members and expanding its mission to, to the whole world via the Internet. He had big plans.

[Ryan Knudson]

Here's Mathis giving a lecture in 2019. The church will thrive as much or more than we've ever seen it because we have advantages that others did not have in the past. We have the Internet. We have the Internet. Mathis was quickly elevated to leadership and before long, he effectively took control of the church. But for some congregants, things did not go the way they had imagined.

[Cam McWhirter]

The accusation that has been leveled against the people who took over this church is that their goals were primarily financial and that they were trying to basically use the assets of an older church with an older congregation, take it over and use it for their own benefit.

[Ryan Knudson]

An attorney who represents the church said his client committed no wrongdoing. Mathis declined our request for an interview. Mathis arrival kicked off a multi year legal battle over the church's fate. And the situation has shed a light on a problem facing churches across the country. Welcome to the Journal. Our show about money, business and power. I'm Ryan Knudson. It's Thursday, December 18th. Coming up on the show, who should own the central Church of Christ?

[Cam McWhirter]

This episode is brought to you by US Bank. With US bank business essentials, you get more than just a bank. You get a dedicated partner that provides you a powerful combo of checking and card payment processing with quick access to the money you've earned. Proving that there's nothing as powerful as the power of us. Visit usbank.com today to learn more. Member FDIC Copyright 2025 US bank.

[Sponsor Voice]

This episode is brought to you by Indeed. As the end of the year draws closer, now's a good time to start thinking about hiring a few extra hands to help get you through the holiday chaos. Or maybe you need to expand your team in the new year and want to get a head start. Whatever the case, you want to make sure you're hiring the right people for the job to find the people you're looking for. Trust Indeed Sponsored Jobs it gives your job listing the boost it needs, making it one of the first candidates see in their search. According to Indeed data, sponsored jobs have four times more applications than non sponsored jobs. Join the 1.6 million companies that sponsor their jobs with Indeed and make hiring one less thing to worry about this holiday season, listeners of this show will get a $75 sponsored job credit at indeed.comjournal. that's indeed.comjournal right now and support the show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com journal terms and conditions apply. Hiring do it the Right Way with Indeed.

[Ryan Knudson]

The church at the center of this fight was co founded in 1925 by a man called a.m. burton. He was a well to do insurance executive in Nashville who had a strong sense of faith.

[Cam McWhirter]

So he sets up a church in downtown Nashville which at the time had a lot of poor people from the country moving into the city to help people, to help young families to give out food and to bring them to Christ. That was his idea.

[Ryan Knudson]

Burton named it the Central Church of Christ and it did more than just preach the gospel. The church was a community center. It fed the homeless and provided medical services. It even had a daycare. At its height, the church had hundreds of members. But in the decades following World War II, more and more people started moving into the newly developed suburbs outside the city and as they did, its membership declined. But the church still had some valuable assets.

[Cam McWhirter]

First, there was the building, which Nashville, as many people know, has been absolutely booming in recent years. There's all kinds of restaurants and new stores and museums, so that property became hot. Secondly, the church had obtained two parking lots that it had used back in the day for people to come and park and go to the church. Then they had started to rent out those parking lots. So those parking lots were worth a lot of money.

[Ryan Knudson]

The church is tax exempt as a house of worship and the building itself is valued at $11 million. According to a 2025 assessment and those two parking lots bring in about $40,000 a month.

[Cam McWhirter]

And then there were people who had left, particularly one person had left a large park amount of money, hundreds of thousands of dollars into an endowment fund for a missionary work for the church to sponsor missionaries to go in the United States and abroad to spread the word.

[Ryan Knudson]

Altogether, the church had some $3 million in the bank. When Shawn Mathis showed up in 2017, all of those assets, the building, the parking lots and the savings were being managed by a very small group of aging. Congre.

[Cam McWhirter]

He gets on the board that controls the church and he quickly takes over as a leader of the committee that runs the church and he immediately begins to make decisions.

[Ryan Knudson]

After he took control, the church was renamed the Nashville Church of Christ. And according to court filings, it started paying both Mathis and his father three figure salaries and gave them housing stipends.

[Cam McWhirter]

He was talking about setting up a nonprofit. He set up a website. He was creating a theological institute that was going to be doing global missionary work. He sent one of his supporters to go study at college. He sent himself to Oxford to study.

[Ryan Knudson]

And under his leadership, the church stopped its weekly services.

[Cam McWhirter]

All this was very disconcerting to people who had been longtime members.

[Ryan Knudson]

In a statement provided by its lawyer, the Nashville Church of Christ disputed that the church had been shut down. The letter also said, quote, changes to the church's leadership happened according to the same regular processes that had always occurred at the church. Some of the church's longtime members told CAM that when they started to question Mathis leadership, they began to feel unwelcome.

[Cam McWhirter]

They felt they were being pushed out and there were questions that weren't being answered. They started to have arguments over the finances and the financing of the church and they eventually made the painful decision to leave.

[Ryan Knudson]

In the letter, the church's attorney said, quote, the members who were replaced as church leaders weren't pushed out. They were simply replaced by the next generation. Just as has happened in church bodies for thousands of years. All of these changes started to come to the attention of the great grandchildren of the church's Original co founder, a.m. burton.

[Amy Grant]

My family has many generations in Nashville, but the only time I ever entered the building was when I was five and a half years old and I went to his funeral.

[Ryan Knudson]

One of those great grandchildren is Amy Grant. As in six time Grammy winner Amy Grant. Around Nashville, Amy Grant is considered music royalty. She's been called the queen of Christian pop with a string of hits like her 90s single Baby Baby, which my sister and I used to dance to when we were kids. Baby, baby. There's kind of a bit of a running joke on our podcast about how, like, when I have people on, I sometimes make a joke about trying to get them to sing, but I think you might be the first person with the actual chops to sing.

[Amy Grant]

Okay, are we singing today?

[Ryan Knudson]

Sadly, no, we are not singing today. Amy politely declined. Okay, back to the story. Amy heard from her cousin Andy Burton, a local dentist who had caught wind of what Mathis was doing at their great grandfather's old church.

[Amy Grant]

And so Andy was the first one to just start calling. And, you know, there was a recorded message about welcoming people to services. And finally he went down there and said, hey, it's like boarded up. And then he finally was able to get somebody on the phone. Whoever it was said, is this an adversarial call?

[Ryan Knudson]

Hmm.

[Amy Grant]

And Andy said, no, I just. I'm curious about what's going on at this location. And this was a family property.

[Ryan Knudson]

Even though Amy hadn't gone to the church since her great grandfather's fun, she often saw it when she played concerts downtown.

[Amy Grant]

I can see the boarded up church. So my job continues to put me in a sight line of a boarded up church. Now it's just stripped of everything. It's stripped of everything, including water services and electricity. I go, yeah, he was my great grandfather. I might want to step into this.

[Ryan Knudson]

Why did you feel like it was something worth fighting for? Well.

[Amy Grant]

I think the intention of a.m. burton was to create a space that helped the Nashville community, that saw human life as valuable. The housed, the unhoused, in his words, the pauper and the successful businessman. And my cousin and I just saw a situation where what was left of that investment was not being used for anything and the buildings boarded up.

[Ryan Knudson]

But Amy and the Burton family had found a way to fight for control of the church. That's next.

[Cam McWhirter]

This episode is brought to you by UnitedHealth Group. The average American spends more than $1,200 every year on prescription medications. UnitedHealth Group is changing that by capping out of pocket costs for more than 290 life saving drugs and ENs, ensuring you get the best price. Last year alone, UnitedHealth Group saved people nearly $1 billion through price scanning and proactive alerts, and another $2.5 billion through 2024 on critical specialty medications. Learn [e-mail].

[Sponsor Voice]

This message may be shocking to many millennials. If you are one, you might want to sit down. Right now. Loads of people are searching the following On Depop. Low rise jeans, halter top, velour, tracksuit, hookah shell necklace, disc belt. You likely place these in the dark of your closet in 2004, never to be seen again. But if you can find it in yourself to dust them off, there are a lot of people who will give you money for them. Sell on Depop where taste recognizes taste.

[Ryan Knudson]

When a.m. burton set up the Central Church of christ back in 1925, it like all buildings, had a deed to go with it. But this deed had a rather unusual line in it. Here's my colleague Cam again.

[Cam McWhirter]

In the deed he includes a provision that says this building is in perpetuity for the Central Church of Christ as long as there's church services. And if there aren't, then the property reverts back to the family.

[Ryan Knudson]

Remember, the church had stopped offering services in the building after Mathis took over. So Amy and her family thought they could use that provision in the original deed to try and regain control of the church. It's amazing that your great grandfather had put that line in the deed in the first place.

[Amy Grant]

I know. Yeah, it's crazy.

[Ryan Knudson]

In 2019, the Burton family hired a lawyer and prepared to fight for ownership of the building. But before they made their move, the Nashville Church of Christ under Mathis sued Amy and the Burtons.

[Cam McWhirter]

Amy Grant and her family get sued by the church saying that that provision in the deed is inapplicable here and that starts basically a years long legal war.

[Ryan Knudson]

In a statement, Mathis lawyer said that attempts to take control of the building and oust Mathis are motivated by the church's rising property value. For seven years the church was stuck in legal limbo.

[Cam McWhirter]

Courts don't like to get involved in this. It's the first Amendment, it's the freedom of religion. Do whatever you want. You know, you run your place how you want to run it. But there are instances, and they're increasingly popping up where people are seeing these assets coming in and using them in ways that divert from the original intent or the intent of the religion.

[Ryan Knudson]

There's actually a term for the kind of hostile takeover that Mathis has been accused of. Steeplejacking.

[Cam McWhirter]

Steeplejacking is like carjacking. A group or an individual comes along, usually a younger person, to the elderly congregation expresses interest in joining the church and the next thing you know, they're in charge.

[Ryan Knudson]

Steeplejacking is happening all around the country, especially in the Midwest and South.

[Cam McWhirter]

We are in a situation in America where churches are in decline, many of them and some of them Have a lot of assets because they were at one point in America, churches were incredibly wealthy and prominent in society. So they'll have buildings that are worth a lot of money. They'll own property that's worth a lot of money. A lot of them, A lot of people, when they died in their wills, they would leave money to their churches. So the. There's a lot of cash in a lot of these places, but they have a very small membership often and a very limited group controlling who's in charge of all that.

[Ryan Knudson]

Aren't churches supposed to have some kind of oversight?

[Cam McWhirter]

These are usually congregations that aren't hierarchical, like the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church knows all the buildings that it owns. It has its own financial problems, but it knows everything that it owns. And it knows down to the penny, you know, what other assets it has. Small churches don't have. That, you know, small church in a town in the Midwest that was a single congregation, you know, it's really unclear how much money they have.

[Ryan Knudson]

And because steeplejacking most often seems to happen to these independent churches, it's a problem that's hard to track.

[Cam McWhirter]

And because the government is so reluctant to intervene in a lot of these, especially the courts, we don't really have an idea. This case in Nashville is so interesting because it kind of laid it all out there.

[Ryan Knudson]

After years of fighting, in October, the Burtons and the Nashville Church of Christ settled. They agreed that the building would revert to the estate of a.m. burton, but the parking lots would stay in the hands of the Nashville Church of Christ and Shawn Mathis. The agreement also requires that the property be sold, with the burton family receiving 80% of the proceeds and Mathis group receiving 20%. The church's attorney said his client made the strategic decision to settle the very narrow litigation related to certain deed restrictions. The attorney also said the church looks forward to investing its portion of the building sale proceeds into its global mission efforts. Have you thought about writing a song about what happened with the church?

[Amy Grant]

Ah, well, a song. It really is three and a half minute story and I don't know how this one's going to end. So I've gotten so many congratulatory, you know, way to go, way to go. The settlement sounds amazing, but to me, really, it's not the end of the game. It feels like a first down.

[Ryan Knudson]

Amy has an idea for how she wants it to end, though. She says she's spoken with groups and philanthropists about turning the building into a center to help the homeless. Several groups have already made offers to buy the building and turn it into a base for one or multiple nonprofits, according to Burton family court filings. Can you paint a picture for me for what you hope this church becomes?

[Amy Grant]

Well, I'd love it to do exactly what Central Church of Christ did. People would gather and sing and pray every week. If somebody was homeless, they were fed without question. I mean, it's not an impossible dream.

[Ryan Knudson]

That's all for today. Thursday, December 18th. The journal is a co production of Spotify and the Wall Street Journal. If you like our show, follow us on Spotify or wherever you get your podcasts. We're out every weekday afternoon. Thanks for listening. See you tomorrow. Thank you for your time. Yeah, well, forgive me for putting you on the spot one more time, but you want to just sing the chorus to Baby, Baby? I don't. Okay, okay, okay. Fair enough. Fair enough.