
Hosted by Louisa Nicola · EN

He carried two copies of ApoE4, the highest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, went through medical school knowing exactly what his LDL of 700 meant, decided the experts were wrong, and then published the case report to prove it. In this episode, Louisa sits down with Dr. Nick Norwitz, PhD researcher and metabolic scientist, for one of the most scientifically dense conversations on brain health, cholesterol biology, and Alzheimer's prevention ever recorded on this show. They cover why the phospholipid form of DHA reaches the brain more effectively than standard fish oil, how ApoE4 carriers burn through omega-3s differently and what to do about it, the lithium orotate data that sold out supplement shelves worldwide, and why GSK-3 beta, the enzyme that phosphorylates tau, may be the most under appreciated target in Alzheimer's research today.Then Dr. Nick Norwitz lays out the case that challenges the "LDL is always the enemy" consensus: why metabolically healthy individuals may not benefit from aggressive lipid-lowering therapy, what his viral coronary CT angiogram showed after seven years of 700+ cholesterol, why the EZPAVE trial headlines don't hold up under scrutiny, and what GLP-1s are doing inside the brain completely independent of weight loss. You'll also hear about the sardine diet experiment, the omega-3 thermogenesis connection, ketones as misfolded protein clearance agents, creatine for depression, retatrutide and PCSK9, BPC-157 risks, and what Dr. Nick Norwitz believes is coming in Alzheimer's gene therapy within the next decade.*Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:*https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-pageSubscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance._____*TOPICS DISCUSSED*(00:00:00) Intro: The ApoE4 Paradox and the Case Report That Broke the Internet (00:00:57) Why Standard Omega-3 Supplements Fail and What to Take Instead (00:05:13) DHA and the Phospholipid Carrier: How It Crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier (00:10:19) ApoE4 Explained: Risk, Genetics, and Why Nick Is Optimistic (00:17:38) Why ApoE4 Carriers Burn Through DHA Faster and Need More (00:20:31) Women, Omega-3s, Menopause, and Brain Insulin Resistance (00:21:41) Statins, Sex Differences, and the DHA-Blood Sugar Connection (00:26:01) Statins and Dementia: What the Data Actually Say (00:32:24) Tau, GSK-3 Beta, Lithium Orotate, and Targeting Alzheimer's Pathology (00:42:19) The Glymphatic System, 40Hz Devices, and Sleep as Brain Clearance (00:45:21) Gene Editing, Prime Editing, and the Future of ApoE4 Therapy (00:49:33) Nick's Case Report: 700 LDL, Zero Plaque, and Seven Years of Data (00:55:10) The EZPAVE Trial: Why the Headlines Don't Hold Up (01:00:33) KetoneIQ: Ketones for Brain Energy and Focus (01:01:29) Cheers Health: Supporting Liver Function and Cognitive Recovery (01:03:54) If Not LDL, What Causes Heart Disease in Metabolically Healthy People? (01:12:05) The Oreo Experiment and the Sardine Diet: Self-Experiments in Metabolism (01:19:10) Ketones, Women's Brains, and Clearing Misfolded Proteins (01:21:08) The Full Brain Health Protocol: Omega-3s, Creatine, NAD, Lithium, and More (01:24:01) GLP-1s for the Brain: Independent of Weight, Targeting Amyloid and Tau (01:25:28) Peptides: BPC-157 Risks, Retatrutide, MOTS-c, and What's Worth Watching (01:29:02) Why Nick Is Controversial And Why He Doesn't Mind_______*Thank you to our sponsors*Fenix Health Science: fenixhealthscience.com Use code NEUROEXPPulsetto: https://pulsetto.tech/pages/NEURO or use Code NEURO for some off your orderFunction Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicolaBASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ and use code NEURO for 20% offKetoneIQ: https://ketone.com/NEURO for 30% OFFCheers Health: https://CheersHealth.com/NEURO or use code NEURO for 20% off_______I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics.My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention.If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place.Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

He carried two copies of ApoE4, the highest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, went through medical school knowing exactly what his LDL of 700 meant, decided the experts were wrong, and then published the case report to prove it. In this episode, Louisa sits down with Dr. Nick Norwitz, PhD researcher and metabolic scientist, for one of the most scientifically dense conversations on brain health, cholesterol biology, and Alzheimer's prevention ever recorded on this show. They cover why the phospholipid form of DHA reaches the brain more effectively than standard fish oil, how ApoE4 carriers burn through omega-3s differently and what to do about it, the lithium orotate data that sold out supplement shelves worldwide, and why GSK-3 beta, the enzyme that phosphorylates tau, may be the most under appreciated target in Alzheimer's research today. Then Nick lays out the case that challenges the "LDL is always the enemy" consensus: why metabolically healthy individuals may not benefit from aggressive lipid-lowering therapy, what his viral coronary CT angiogram showed after seven years of 700+ cholesterol, why the EZPAVE trial headlines don't hold up under scrutiny, and what GLP-1s are doing inside the brain completely independent of weight loss. You'll also hear about the sardine diet experiment, the omega-3 thermogenesis connection, ketones as misfolded protein clearance agents, creatine for depression, retatrutide and PCSK9, BPC-157 risks, and what Nick believes is coming in Alzheimer's gene therapy within the next decade. Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-page Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance. _____ TOPICS DISCUSSED 00:00 Intro: The ApoE4 Paradox and the Case Report That Broke the Internet 00:57 Why Standard Omega-3 Supplements Fail and What to Take Instead 05:13 DHA and the Phospholipid Carrier: How It Crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier 10:19 ApoE4 Explained: Risk, Genetics, and Why Nick Is Optimistic 17:38 Why ApoE4 Carriers Burn Through DHA Faster and Need More 20:31 Women, Omega-3s, Menopause, and Brain Insulin Resistance 21:41 Statins, Sex Differences, and the DHA-Blood Sugar Connection 26:01 Statins and Dementia: What the Data Actually Say 32:24 Tau, GSK-3 Beta, Lithium Orotate, and Targeting Alzheimer's Pathology 42:19 The Glymphatic System, 40Hz Devices, and Sleep as Brain Clearance 45:21 Gene Editing, Prime Editing, and the Future of ApoE4 Therapy 49:33 Nick's Case Report: 700 LDL, Zero Plaque, and Seven Years of Data 55:10 The EZPAVE Trial: Why the Headlines Don't Hold Up 01:00:33 KetoneIQ: Ketones for Brain Energy and Focus 01:01:29 Cheers Health: Supporting Liver Function and Cognitive Recovery 01:03:54 If Not LDL, What Causes Heart Disease in Metabolically Healthy People? 01:12:05 The Oreo Experiment and the Sardine Diet: Self-Experiments in Metabolism 01:19:10 Ketones, Women's Brains, and Clearing Misfolded Proteins 01:21:08 The Full Brain Health Protocol: Omega-3s, Creatine, NAD, Lithium, and More 01:24:01 GLP-1s for the Brain: Independent of Weight, Targeting Amyloid and Tau 01:25:28 Peptides: BPC-157 Risks, Retatrutide, MOTS-c, and What's Worth Watching 01:29:02 Why Nick Is Controversial And Why He Doesn't Mind _______ Thank you to our sponsors Fenix Health Science: fenixhealthscience.com Use code NEUROEXP Pulsetto: https://pulsetto.tech/pages/NEURO or use Code NEURO for some off your order Function Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicola BASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ and use code NEURO for 20% off KetoneIQ: https://ketone.com/NEURO for 30% OFF Cheers Health: https://CheersHealth.com/NEURO or use code NEURO for 20% off _______ I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Every AI breakthrough you've heard of, ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, traces back to a single 1943 paper, and its co-author was a homeless teenage runaway who never finished high school. Walter Pitts taught himself Greek, Latin, and the foundations of modern logic in a Detroit public library, corrected Bertrand Russell's math by letter at age 12, and was taken in by a 45 year old scientist who treated him like a son. He helped found the architecture behind every neural network in existence at 19, and then a single lie destroyed every relationship he had, sending him into a 17 year drinking spiral that ended in a Cambridge boarding house in 1969.In this solo episode, I tell the full story of how Pitts' partnership with neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch produced the unbroken ancestor of the perceptron, backpropagation, and the transformer architecture behind today's large language models, and what happened when a fabricated accusation cut him off from every mentor he had. I lay out the specific conditions, free public libraries, mentors willing to take prodigies seriously, intellectual communities small enough to recognize raw talent, that made a mind like his possible, why those conditions have been dismantled, and what I call the cognitive class war: the widening gap between the small number of people capable of directing artificial intelligence and everyone else whose future it will shape.*Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:*https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-pageSubscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance._____*TOPICS DISCUSSED*(00:00:00) Intro: The 1943 Paper Behind Every AI Model Today (00:02:53) Walter Pitts Childhood in Depression-Era Detroit (00:03:17) Hiding From Bullies, He Finds Principia Mathematica (00:03:40) A 12-Year-Old Writes to Correct Bertrand Russell (00:06:35) Walter Pitts Meets Warren McCulloch in 1942 (00:08:32) Inside the 1943 Paper That Founded Neural Networks (00:11:17) From the Perceptron to ChatGPT and Claude (00:13:43) Norbert Wiener, MIT, and the Macy Conferences (00:15:05) The 1952 Lie That Destroyed Walter Pitts (00:19:11) Pitts Dies Alone in a Boarding House, 1969 (00:21:46) Five Conditions That Made a Genius Possible (00:24:16) Why Those Conditions No Longer Exist Today (00:33:53) The Cognitive Class War and Who Will Govern AI_______*Thank you to our sponsors*Cure Hydration: https://www.curehydration.com/ Use code NEURO for 20% offJones Road Beauty: https://www.jonesroadbeauty.com Use code NEURO for a free gift with your orderMomentum: https://momentumshake.com/neuro Get a free Welcome Kit + Travel Collection ($70 value)IQ Bar: https://www.eatiqbar.com/ Text NEURO to 64000 for 20% off plus free shipping_______I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics.My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention.If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place.Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Every AI breakthrough you've heard of, ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, traces back to a single 1943 paper, and its co-author was a homeless teenage runaway who never finished high school. Walter Pitts taught himself Greek, Latin, and the foundations of modern logic in a Detroit public library, corrected Bertrand Russell's math by letter at age 12, and was taken in by a 45 year old scientist who treated him like a son. He helped found the architecture behind every neural network in existence at 19, and then a single lie destroyed every relationship he had, sending him into a 17 year drinking spiral that ended in a Cambridge boarding house in 1969. In this solo episode, I tell the full story of how Pitts' partnership with neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch produced the unbroken ancestor of the perceptron, backpropagation, and the transformer architecture behind today's large language models, and what happened when a fabricated accusation cut him off from every mentor he had. I lay out the specific conditions, free public libraries, mentors willing to take prodigies seriously, intellectual communities small enough to recognize raw talent, that made a mind like his possible, why those conditions have been dismantled, and what I call the cognitive class war: the widening gap between the small number of people capable of directing artificial intelligence and everyone else whose future it will shape. Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+: https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-page Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance. _____ TOPICS DISCUSSED 00:00 Intro: The 1943 Paper Behind Every AI Model Today 02:53 Walter Pitts Childhood in Depression-Era Detroit 03:17 Hiding From Bullies, He Finds Principia Mathematica 03:40 A 12-Year-Old Writes to Correct Bertrand Russell 06:35 Walter Pitts Meets Warren McCulloch in 1942 08:32 Inside the 1943 Paper That Founded Neural Networks 11:17 From the Perceptron to ChatGPT and Claude 13:43 Norbert Wiener, MIT, and the Macy Conferences 15:05 The 1952 Lie That Destroyed Walter Pitts 19:11 Pitts Dies Alone in a Boarding House, 1969 21:46 Five Conditions That Made a Genius Possible 24:16 Why Those Conditions No Longer Exist Today 33:53 The Cognitive Class War and Who Will Govern AI _______ Thank you to our sponsors Cure Hydration: https://www.curehydration.com/ Use code NEURO for 20% off Jones Road Beauty: https://www.jonesroadbeauty.com Use code NEURO for a free gift with your order Momentum: https://momentumshake.com/neuro Get a free Welcome Kit + Travel Collection ($70 value) IQ Bar: https://www.eatiqbar.com/ Text NEURO to 64000 for 20% off plus free shipping _______ I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

70% of what American children eat today is ultra processed food and the regulatory system that's supposed to protect them has been asleep for decades. In this episode, I sit down with Nick Green, co-founder and CEO of Thrive Market, the membership-based online grocery platform that built a $700 million business by treating healthy food access as an infrastructure problem, not a willpower problem. Nick grew up watching his mother drive across Minnesota to find organic options before the internet existed and 20 years later, built the company meant to make that struggle obsolete. We get into the GRAS self-certification loophole that lets food companies rubber stamp their own ingredients as safe, why synthetic dyes and preservatives banned across Europe remain standard in the US, and how Thrive goes beyond EU standards to vet every single product on its platform.We also cover what the GLP-1 trend is actually revealing about the deeper food system failure, why the American healthcare model was built for infectious disease and is fundamentally unprepared for chronic disease prevention, and the shared metabolic roots of cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's. Nick breaks down how AI is now personalizing the grocery experience for 1.7 million members, why becoming a public benefit corporation was a legal commitment to the mission not just a branding decision and what it actually takes to keep a company anchored to its Northstar when investors, scale, and short-term incentives are all pulling in the opposite direction.*Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:*https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-pageSubscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance._____*TOPICS DISCUSSED*(00:00:00) Intro: The Ultra Processed Food Crisis Nobody Is Talking About Honestly (00:01:06) Nick Green and the Mission Behind Thrive Market (00:01:27) Growing Up in Minnesota: How a Mom's Grocery Struggle Built a Billion-Dollar Insight (00:07:24) 70% of Kids' Diets Are Ultra Processed — and It's Not a Willpower Problem (00:08:38) The Membership Model: How Thrive Makes Organic Cheaper Than Conventional (00:09:31) AI-Personalized Grocery Shopping: Building Your Cart Around Your Health Goals (00:13:47) The Food System Is Rigged: MAHA, the FDA, and the GRAS Loophole (00:16:13) Synthetic Dyes, Preservatives, and Why the EU Bans What America Allows (00:20:43) The Most Unregulated Food Category: Supplements and Ultra Processed Crossover (00:22:04) How Thrive Vets Every Product: Auditing Manufacturers Up the Supply Chain (00:23:13) Thrive's Own Brand: 25% of Sales and a Mission-Driven Private Label Model (00:25:09) Gives Memberships, Free Access, and Building a Community Around the Mission (00:27:25) The Regulatory Gap and Its Cost: Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Chronic Disease (00:29:44) GLP-1s Are Not Enough: Why Pharmacology Alone Can't Fix the Food System (00:32:41) Thrive vs. Whole Foods: The Key Structural Differences (00:35:43) Alzheimer's Risk, Ultra Processed Food, and the Framingham Heart Study (00:36:48) Why the Healthcare System Was Built for Infectious Disease — Not Chronic Prevention (00:38:05) Metabolism Is Upstream of Everything: Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's (00:40:03) MAHA, Government Regulation, and Why Consumer Empowerment Is the Real Solution (00:45:58) 1.7 Million Members and Less Than 1.5% Market Penetration: The Scale of What's Left (00:47:23) The Un-Everything Store: Curation as a Competitive Advantage (00:49:16) What Keeps Nick Going: Mission as Decision Filter (00:51:31) Why Authenticity Always Wins — and What Thrive Wants to Prove to Every Founder_______*Thank you to our sponsors*Timeline: https://www.timeline.com/partners/neuro-athleticsHoney Love: https://www.honeylove.com/NEURO — Save 20% Off Honeylove #honeylovepodBASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ ... Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

70% of what American children eat today is ultra processed food and the regulatory system that's supposed to protect them has been asleep for decades. In this episode, I sit down with Nick Green, co-founder and CEO of Thrive Market, the membership-based online grocery platform that built a $700 million business by treating healthy food access as an infrastructure problem, not a willpower problem. Nick grew up watching his mother drive across Minnesota to find organic options before the internet existed and 20 years later, built the company meant to make that struggle obsolete. We get into the GRAS self-certification loophole that lets food companies rubber stamp their own ingredients as safe, why synthetic dyes and preservatives banned across Europe remain standard in the US, and how Thrive goes beyond EU standards to vet every single product on its platform. We also cover what the GLP-1 trend is actually revealing about the deeper food system failure, why the American healthcare model was built for infectious disease and is fundamentally unprepared for chronic disease prevention, and the shared metabolic roots of cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's. Nick breaks down how AI is now personalizing the grocery experience for 1.7 million members, why becoming a public benefit corporation was a legal commitment to the mission not just a branding decision and what it actually takes to keep a company anchored to its Northstar when investors, scale, and short-term incentives are all pulling in the opposite direction. Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+: https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-page Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance. _____ TOPICS DISCUSSED 00:00 Intro: The Ultra Processed Food Crisis Nobody Is Talking About Honestly 01:06 Nick Green and the Mission Behind Thrive Market 01:27 Growing Up in Minnesota: How a Mom's Grocery Struggle Built a Billion-Dollar Insight 07:24 70% of Kids' Diets Are Ultra Processed — and It's Not a Willpower Problem 08:38 The Membership Model: How Thrive Makes Organic Cheaper Than Conventional 09:31 AI-Personalized Grocery Shopping: Building Your Cart Around Your Health Goals 13:47 The Food System Is Rigged: MAHA, the FDA, and the GRAS Loophole 16:13 Synthetic Dyes, Preservatives, and Why the EU Bans What America Allows 20:43 The Most Unregulated Food Category: Supplements and Ultra Processed Crossover 22:04 How Thrive Vets Every Product: Auditing Manufacturers Up the Supply Chain 23:13 Thrive's Own Brand: 25% of Sales and a Mission-Driven Private Label Model 25:09 Gives Memberships, Free Access, and Building a Community Around the Mission 27:25 The Regulatory Gap and Its Cost: Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Chronic Disease 29:44 GLP-1s Are Not Enough: Why Pharmacology Alone Can't Fix the Food System 32:41 Thrive vs. Whole Foods: The Key Structural Differences 35:43 Alzheimer's Risk, Ultra Processed Food, and the Framingham Heart Study 36:48 Why the Healthcare System Was Built for Infectious Disease — Not Chronic Prevention 38:05 Metabolism Is Upstream of Everything: Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's 40:03 MAHA, Government Regulation, and Why Consumer Empowerment Is the Real Solution 45:58 1.7 Million Members and Less Than 1.5% Market Penetration: The Scale of What's Left 47:23 The Un-Everything Store: Curation as a Competitive Advantage 49:16 What Keeps Nick Going: Mission as Decision Filter 51:31 Why Authenticity Always Wins — and What Thrive Wants to Prove to Every Founder _______ Thank you to our sponsors Timeline: https://www.timeline.com/partners/neuro-athletics Honey Love: https://www.honeylove.com/NEURO — Save 20% Off Honeylove #honeylovepod BASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ — Use code NEURO for 20% off BiOptimizers: https://bioptimizers.com/neuro — 15% off with code NEURO Qualia Life: https://qualialife.com/NEURO — 50% off + extra 15% with code NEURO _______ I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

If you think you need to train to failure to build muscle, you've been operating on outdated science. Dr. Brad Schoenfeld has nearly 400 peer-reviewed papers on hypertrophy and he's done a complete 180 on some of his most firmly held beliefs.In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Brad Schoenfeld, PhD, professor of exercise science and one of the world's most cited researchers in muscle hypertrophy. We break down the training myths that are still circulating online including why training to failure isn't necessary, why light weights can build as much muscle as heavy ones, and why two 30-minute sessions a week is genuinely enough for most people. Brad also explains the science of type one versus type two fiber loss with age, how GLP-1s are complicating muscle retention, and what the research actually says about rest intervals, cold plunges, and post-exercise heat.We also go deep into the cutting edge of hypertrophy science: lengthened partials, electro-stimulation, the overlooked connection between muscle and metabolic health, and the key additions in the third edition of his landmark textbook. This episode is for anyone who trains, wants to train, or wants to understand what science actually says about building a body that performs and lasts.*Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:*https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-pageSubscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance._____*TOPICS DISCUSSED*(00:00:00) Intro: The Belief Brad Held in the 90s That Science Has Since Overturned (00:01:08) Meet Dr. Brad Schoenfeld: 400 Papers and What We Still Don't Know About Muscle Growth (00:06:13) Light Weights vs. Heavy Weights: The Study That Changed Everything (00:09:10) Type I vs. Type II Muscle Fibers and Why Type II Atrophies With Age (00:11:43) Muscle, Brain Health, and the Two-Days-a-Week Resistance Training Protocol (00:17:26) Strength vs. Power: Why Explosive Training Matters More Than You Think (00:21:32) The Biggest Lie in Fitness: There Is No Single Best Way to Build Muscle (00:23:15) Two 30-Minute Sessions a Week Is Enough (00:27:01) Protein Requirements for Muscle Growth: Where the Research Actually Lands (00:31:18) GLP-1s and Muscle Loss: What the Evidence Says (00:38:36) Aerobic Training, Step Count, and Where Cardio Fits In (00:40:47) How Muscle Improves Every Organ System in Your Body (00:44:35) Research Gaps in Advanced Training Techniques (00:49:00) Mechanical Tension as the Primary Driver of Hypertrophy (00:53:37) Rest Intervals: How Long You Actually Need Between Sets (00:58:20) Lengthened Partials: The Training Insight That Surprised the Field (01:02:10) Electrostimulation and At-Home Resistance Technology: Does It Work? (01:05:41) Cold Plunges After Lifting: Why Brad Says Avoid Them (01:07:52) Sleep and Muscle Building: What the Evidence Does and Doesn't Show (01:11:30) The Third Edition: Evidence-Based Practice and How to Use Research_______*Thank you to our sponsors*KetoneIQ: https://ketone.com/NEURO for 30% OFFFunction Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicolaIQBARS: https://www.eatiqbar.com/Biologica: https://biologica.com/NEURO Up to 32% off first subscription order_______I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics.My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention.If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place.Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

If you think you need to train to failure to build muscle, you've been operating on outdated science. Dr. Brad Schoenfeld has nearly 400 peer-reviewed papers on hypertrophy and he's done a complete 180 on some of his most firmly held beliefs. In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Brad Schoenfeld, PhD, professor of exercise science and one of the world's most cited researchers in muscle hypertrophy. We break down the training myths that are still circulating online including why training to failure isn't necessary, why light weights can build as much muscle as heavy ones, and why two 30-minute sessions a week is genuinely enough for most people. Brad also explains the science of type one versus type two fiber loss with age, how GLP-1s are complicating muscle retention, and what the research actually says about rest intervals, cold plunges, and post-exercise heat. We also go deep into the cutting edge of hypertrophy science: lengthened partials, electro-stimulation, the overlooked connection between muscle and metabolic health, and the key additions in the third edition of his landmark textbook. This episode is for anyone who trains, wants to train, or wants to understand what science actually says about building a body that performs and lasts. Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+: https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-page Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance. _____ TOPICS DISCUSSED 00:00 Intro: The Belief Brad Held in the 90s That Science Has Since Overturned 01:08 Meet Dr. Brad Schoenfeld: 400 Papers and What We Still Don't Know About Muscle Growth 06:13 Light Weights vs. Heavy Weights: The Study That Changed Everything 09:10 Type I vs. Type II Muscle Fibers and Why Type II Atrophies With Age 11:43 Muscle, Brain Health, and the Two-Days-a-Week Resistance Training Protocol 17:26 Strength vs. Power: Why Explosive Training Matters More Than You Think 21:32 The Biggest Lie in Fitness: There Is No Single Best Way to Build Muscle 23:15 Two 30-Minute Sessions a Week Is Enough 27:01 Protein Requirements for Muscle Growth: Where the Research Actually Lands 31:18 GLP-1s and Muscle Loss: What the Evidence Says 38:36 Aerobic Training, Step Count, and Where Cardio Fits In 40:47 How Muscle Improves Every Organ System in Your Body 44:35 Research Gaps in Advanced Training Techniques 49:00 Mechanical Tension as the Primary Driver of Hypertrophy 53:37 Rest Intervals: How Long You Actually Need Between Sets 58:20 Lengthened Partials: The Training Insight That Surprised the Field 01:02:10 Electrostimulation and At-Home Resistance Technology: Does It Work? 01:05:41 Cold Plunges After Lifting: Why Brad Says Avoid Them 01:07:52 Sleep and Muscle Building: What the Evidence Does and Doesn't Show 01:11:30 The Third Edition: Evidence-Based Practice and How to Use Research _______ Thank you to our sponsors KetoneIQ: https://ketone.com/NEURO for 30% OFF Function Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicola IQBARS: https://www.eatiqbar.com/ Biologica: https://biologica.com/NEURO Up to 32% off first subscription order _______ I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Most people think tracking their protein is enough. The science says what your body actually craves is something far more specific and the person making that argument spent 23 years inside legacy media watching the wellness industry sell women everything from "bikini body in two weeks" to canned protein soda.In this episode, I sit down with Liz Plosser, former Editor in Chief of Women's Health, where she oversaw brands reaching 44 million women. We break down why the nine essential amino acids are what your body is really after when you chase protein, why BCAAs are only a fraction of the picture, and why a study found four of the top six creatine gummies on Amazon contained zero creatine. Liz also opens up about her own supplement stack, her shift from endurance running to heavy lifting, and makes the case that testing instead of guessing is one of the most empowering moves you can make for your health.Then we go deep on the science most people get wrong: why aging women struggle to pull amino acids from food, how essential aminos protect lean muscle even on rest days and for those on GLP-1s, the new research on high-dose creatine for sleep deprivation and Alzheimer's, and why collagen may not deserve the hype. We also cover the menopause misinformation epidemic, the 2002 hormone study that terrified the world, and what Liz puts in her own morning protocol. This conversation will completely change how you think about protein, what you supplement, and how you fuel your brain and body.*Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+:*https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-pageSubscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance._____*TOPICS DISCUSSED*(00:00:00) Intro: The Protein Myth and Why Amino Acids Are What Your Body Really Wants (00:00:56) Protein, Amino Acids, and How Much You Actually Need (00:03:23) The Nine Essential Amino Acids: The Real Building Blocks (00:06:03) BCAAs vs EAAs: Why a Subset Isn't Enough (00:11:50) 23 Years in Wellness Media: What Liz Saw Change (00:14:18) The Menopause Conversation and Why It Exploded (00:23:17) Kion Aminos, Timing, and Whether It Counts Toward Your 100g (00:26:46) Liz's Daily Routine: Aminos, Creatine, and the Morning Glass of Water (00:27:42) Can You Take Aminos While Fasting? (00:29:50) Do Aminos Preserve Lean Mass on Rest Days and on GLP-1s? (00:36:19) Leaving Legacy Media and Finding a New Mission (00:39:14) The New Creatine Research: Sleep, Dosing, and Alzheimer's (00:43:24) How Creatine Reaches the Brain and the Case for 10 Grams (00:44:48) Creatine for Mood and Depression (00:46:12) Collagen: Does It Actually Deserve the Hype? (00:49:40) The Creatine Gummy Scandal: Four of Six With Zero Creatine (00:51:27) Coffee, Cans, and Why Bioavailability Matters (00:54:50) Creatine, Electrolytes, and the 1990s Bodybuilding Hack (00:57:54) Liz's Morning Protocol and Owning Your AM_______*Thank you to our sponsors*Function Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicolaTimeline: https://www.timeline.com/partners/neuro-athleticsAirDoctor: https://www.AirDoctorPro.com use promo code NEURO for up to $300 offQualia Life: https://www.qualialife.com/Neuro for an additional 15% off on top of the 50%BASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ and use code NEURO for 20% off_______I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics.My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention.If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place.Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0Instagram: https://www.in... Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Most people think tracking their protein is enough. The science says what your body actually craves is something far more specific and the person making that argument spent 23 years inside legacy media watching the wellness industry sell women everything from "bikini body in two weeks" to canned protein soda. In this episode, I sit down with Liz Plosser, former Editor in Chief of Women's Health, where she oversaw brands reaching 44 million women. We break down why the nine essential amino acids are what your body is really after when you chase protein, why BCAAs are only a fraction of the picture, and why a study found four of the top six creatine gummies on Amazon contained zero creatine. Liz also opens up about her own supplement stack, her shift from endurance running to heavy lifting, and makes the case that testing instead of guessing is one of the most empowering moves you can make for your health. Then we go deep on the science most people get wrong: why aging women struggle to pull amino acids from food, how essential aminos protect lean muscle even on rest days and for those on GLP-1s, the new research on high-dose creatine for sleep deprivation and Alzheimer's, and why collagen may not deserve the hype. We also cover the menopause misinformation epidemic, the 2002 hormone study that terrified the world, and what Liz puts in her own morning protocol. This conversation will completely change how you think about protein, what you supplement, and how you fuel your brain and body. Reduce your risk of Alzheimer's with my science-backed protocol for women 30+: https://go.neuroathletics.com.au/youtube-sales-page Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for evidence-based conversations at the intersection of brain science, longevity, and performance. _____ TOPICS DISCUSSED 00:00 Intro: The Protein Myth and Why Amino Acids Are What Your Body Really Wants 00:56 Protein, Amino Acids, and How Much You Actually Need 03:23 The Nine Essential Amino Acids: The Real Building Blocks 06:03 BCAAs vs EAAs: Why a Subset Isn't Enough 11:50 23 Years in Wellness Media: What Liz Saw Change 14:18 The Menopause Conversation and Why It Exploded 23:17 Kion Aminos, Timing, and Whether It Counts Toward Your 100g 26:46 Liz's Daily Routine: Aminos, Creatine, and the Morning Glass of Water 27:42 Can You Take Aminos While Fasting? 29:50 Do Aminos Preserve Lean Mass on Rest Days and on GLP-1s? 36:19 Leaving Legacy Media and Finding a New Mission 39:14 The New Creatine Research: Sleep, Dosing, and Alzheimer's 43:24 How Creatine Reaches the Brain and the Case for 10 Grams 44:48 Creatine for Mood and Depression 46:12 Collagen: Does It Actually Deserve the Hype? 49:40 The Creatine Gummy Scandal: Four of Six With Zero Creatine 51:27 Coffee, Cans, and Why Bioavailability Matters 54:50 Creatine, Electrolytes, and the 1990s Bodybuilding Hack 57:54 Liz's Morning Protocol and Owning Your AM _______ Thank you to our sponsors Kion: visit http://getkion.com/neuro for 20% off Function Health: https://www.functionhealth.com/louisanicola Timeline: https://www.timeline.com/partners/neuro-athletics AirDoctor: https://www.AirDoctorPro.com use promo code NEURO for up to $300 off Qualia Life: https://www.qualialife.com/Neuro for an additional 15% off on top of the 50% BASED Bodyworks: https://basedbodyworks.com/ and use code NEURO for 20% off _______ I’m Louisa Nicola - clinical neurophysiologist - Alzheimer’s prevention specialist - founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain- reducing Alzheimer’s risk - and staying mentally sharp for life, you’re in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices