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Catherine Marr
When you walk into NPR headquarters, one of the first things you see is a big map of the country covered with little blue dots. Each dot represents a local public radio station. That's the NPR network. I'm Catherine Marr, CEO of npr. With federal funding for public media eliminated, your network is under serious threat. Help us plan for the road ahead@donate.NPR.org.
Sarah McCammon
Hi, this is Rebecca.
Paul
And this is Paul. We're from Falls Church, Virginia, just outside.
Deirdre Walsh
Washington, D.C. but right now we are sitting on a terrace in Umbria, Italy.
Paul
This podcast was recorded at 1:06pm Eastern.
Sarah McCammon
Time on Friday, July 25, 2025.
Paul
So things may have changed by the time you hear this, but we will.
Tamara Keith
Still be enjoying the view of the medieval town of Todi while drinking a glass of Rosato. Enjoy the show Sunday.
Deirdre Walsh
So jealous. Cheers.
Tamara Keith
How is the weather there, guys? Cause here, here it's like 105. Feels like temperature. Then it's gonna rain when we get to go to the pool, if we ever leave work.
Sarah McCammon
That sounds better than suburban D.C. i have to say.
Deirdre Walsh
Take me with you, man.
Tamara Keith
Hey there.
Sarah McCammon
It's the NPR Politics podcast. I'm Sarah McCammon. I cover politics.
Tamara Keith
I'm Tamara Keith. I cover the White House.
Deirdre Walsh
And I'm Deirdre Walsh. I cover Congress.
Sarah McCammon
Today on the show, does Congress still have its power of the purse? The House has left town for its summer break, but before they left, Congress passed a $9 billion rescissions package requested by the White House, which canceled funding that Con had previously approved. TAM and Deirdre, you've been taking a larger look at how both the Trump administration and Congress have been approaching government spending. Now, the constitution in Article 1 gives Congress this power, the power of the purse. Tam how does the Trump administration seem to view the role of Congress when it comes to spending?
Tamara Keith
The Trump approach to spending is much like his approach to governing in the second term. He is testing the limits of executive power, spending seeking wins for himself, and he's blowing past norms and established law, and that includes everything from executive orders. Elon Musk's Doge project brute political force. He came into office and the slashing began, but it's also really just taking this maximalist approach to executive power.
Sarah McCammon
I want to kind of take a step back just to sort of walk through how this normally works. Deirdre, what is the traditional process that Congress is supposed to use to decide how the government spends money? And how does the rescission that Congress just approved fit into that?
Deirdre Walsh
Right. The process, how it's supposed to work is they pass 12 appropriations bills that lay out very specifically how various government programs are funded, how much money they get, do they put strings on spending. These are all done in what's called appropriations bills. It has been decades since Congress has passed all 12 appropriations bills. What has become the norm on Capitol Hill is that Congress kicks the can. They cannot get their act together to pass these appropriations bills. So they end up either stuffing everything into one giant bill called an omnibus, which everyone hates because it's like 3,000 pages and no one has time to read it, or what's become more, the practice is that they pass what's called a continuing resolution. We are now operating under a CR that was passed with a bipartisan vote signed by the president in March. The rescissions process is one that has very rarely been used. And the one that just passed that clawed back $9 billion in money for foreign aid and public media clawed back programs that the president himself signed into law, approved in March, that's pretty rare. But that process was set out by a, that Congress passed itself in the 70s, around the Watergate era, because they wanted to be able to still put their stamp in the event that the executive wanted to claw back some of this money.
Tamara Keith
So Russell Vogt is the budget director for the White House. He served in the first Trump administration. He's one of the authors of Project 2025. And he just has a very different view than I think many in Congress have. Of course, what the role of the White House is, what the role of Congress is, and, like, how much the White House actually has to listen to what Congress tells them through spending bills. He was at this breakfast put on by the Christian Science Monitor recently, and he said this.
Deirdre Walsh
It's a ceiling. It is not a floor. It is not the notion that you have to spend every last dollar of that 200 years of presidents had the ability to spend less than appropriations. And did.
Sarah McCammon
Tim, what do you hear in that?
Tamara Keith
Well, I hear him saying that, yes, Congress, you can pass your spending bills, but we don't have to spend it. We can do what we want to do. And frankly, that's what they've been doing for the first six months of the Trump administration. They have essentially shut down agencies, maybe not fully, but functionally. They have laid off tons of people. They have stopped funding for various programs. They have cut off funding for research and other things, and they haven't done that with the blessing of Congress.
Sarah McCammon
So, Deirdre, on that point, some Republicans have pushed back on these efforts, obviously unsuccessfully, but They've pushed back on the White House's approach to spending.
Catherine Marr
Right.
Sarah McCammon
What's motivating those who are pushing back to the extent that they are?
Deirdre Walsh
I think we should say there's a split among Republicans. A lot are okay with cutting spending however you want. Right. A lot of them are like, fine, send us more rescissions packages that the White House decides how to cut spending. A lot of them supported the Department of Government Efficiency or DOGE effort. Another strain of the Republican Party, especially Republicans on these spending panels, really want to reassert their authority and say, we also want to cut spending, but. But we have the power of the purse and we wanna decide how to do it. They actually have talked about putting additional rescissions packages in a spending bill that actually happens fairly often. I think we just. It wasn't something that a lot of people talked about in this past debate. But there have been times that both parties have agreed to cancel out programs that they previously approved for whatever reason.
Sarah McCammon
Wait, so how would that work? Is that sort of like a negotiating a bargaining chip? Well, they'll say, we'll claw something back in a later bill.
Tamara Keith
Sometimes funds aren't spent. Like, sometimes programs don't work out or.
Deirdre Walsh
It'S a new priority and people have a different priority. They want to spend. Maybe there was a natural disaster and people from certain regions of the country want to shift money around this kind of thing. Negotiations happen all the time. But it gets back to this sort of dysfunction inside Congress where they haven't been able to assert that power. They haven't been able to pass these basic spending bills. So when they kick the can, the latitude ends up with the executive branch. Because if it's just a continuing resolution, they're the ones that say, like, oh, we're going to pull funding for this, that and the other. And then it becomes like an individual lobbying effort.
Tamara Keith
Some of these programs are out of line ideologically with the president or his administration and, you know, like, may never see the light of day, which is why you then have these Republican senators jumping in and saying, hey, wait, we need that cancer research funding in our state, at our universities. We need these after school programs and summer school programs. And our states don't have another way to pay for this.
Sarah McCammon
Right. So even if Republicans, philosophically, ideologically might say we want to cut spending, it's.
Deirdre Walsh
A different story when it's your district. Yeah. And to your question, Sarah, about Republicans pushing back, there have been rescissions bills that have passed. You know, more than 30 years ago, they were Requests from the administration that went to the Hill and they were approved with bipartisan votes. The process only needs a simple majority. But in the past, these have been bipartisan. The thing that I think has been different with this package, and even Republicans who voted for it raised this as a red flag, is it didn't come with a lot of details. It was like, cut this much money in foreign aid and they're like, wait, which maternal and child health program are you cutting? Like, we need more details. A couple said, we're not giving you a blank check. Alaska Senator Lisa Murkowski, Maine Senator Susan Collins, who happens to chair the Appropriations Committee, said, no, I'm not cool with this. I vote no. Others say it was 9 billion. That's not really that much money in the grand scheme of federal spending. So I'll trust you on this one. But I think going forward, because we expect there will be another rescissions request, it'll be a key question for Senate Republicans who raise these concerns. And a lot of Republicans raise concerns. But when the president says, I'm not going to endorse you if you don't vote for this bill, they tend to fall in line. So will that happen again?
Sarah McCammon
We've been talking about the Republicans, but I do want to talk about Democrats. There are still Democrats in Congress. How much power do they have here?
Deirdre Walsh
Well, I mean, the House of Representatives is narrowly controlled by Republicans, but we've seen them been able to pass bills, whatever the Trump administration requests. But when it comes to the Senate, you need 60 votes to pass these spending bills. So Democrats are key in deciding whether or not this process is going to move forward or not. After the rescissions vote, which all Democrats opposed, there were pretty dire warnings from Democrats across the board saying, we worked with you to pass this deal in March that now you're reneging on. Why would we cooperate with you going forward on this year's spending bills? That increases the chances of a possible government shutdown if Democrats don't help pass some of these bills, even a stopgap bill to avoid a shutdown. We should note that this week the first package of spending bills did move forward. And the top Democrat in the Senate, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, said Democrats were voting for this one, at least to advance because it undid some of the cuts that the White House and the Doge Project did on veterans programs. And there was a bipartisan cooperation. When we get to more controversial spending bills, that is going to be the test case as to whether or not Congress is going to be able to pass these spending bills later this fall and whether we're looking at a possible government shutdown. All right.
Sarah McCammon
We're going to take a quick break. We'll have more in just a moment.
Catherine Marr
Hi, it's Catherine Marr, CEO of npr. Federal funding for public media has been eliminated. That means that the NPR network is moving forward in an uncharted future. But our commitment to you will never waver. Please give today to support the kind of journalism that democracy relies upon. Make your gift@donate.NPR.org thank you.
Sarah McCammon
And we're back. We've been talking about rescissions, the fact that it's the job of Congress to determine how spending works and the fact that Congress gave itself the power.
Deirdre Walsh
Right.
Sarah McCammon
To pull back that spending.
Tamara Keith
Yes. The Impoundment control Act of 1974 created this thing called rescission. This which requires if the president doesn't wanna spend money, they need to come to Congress say, hey, we want this rescission to take place. And then Congress proactively has to approve it. Now only by 50 plus 1 in the Senate. But Congress has to take an action. If Congress doesn't act, the president doesn't get the rescission he wants. So a lot of people have seen what happened with this rescission as Congress abdicating its power of the purse once again. But I think that might be the wrong read on it. This is actually what the law was designed for. Now, there have been a lot of other funds put on hold and spending that didn't happen where the White House didn't ask Congress. And there are real questions about the congressional power there. But in this one particular case, they are following the law. This is the law Congress created for itself.
Sarah McCammon
And how does what's happening now fit into other times that this power of recision has been used in the past?
Deirdre Walsh
What Republican senators told me is that in the past when Congress has approved these types of requests, it's been on a bipartisan basis and they've gotten a ton of detail. Here are the specific cuts. Here are the specific programs we're asking you to cut. This time it was a broader. Here's some foreign aid programs, public media claw it back. And they were okay with doing it on this round, but have said basically next time we want a lot more detail.
Tamara Keith
Yeah. And I think that some of the brokenness that we have described might explain this. But there hasn't been a successful rescission since the 1990s. President Trump and Russell Vogt tried it during the first Trump administration And it went nowhere. And this one barely did pass. So since the 1990s, we really have not seen this used.
Sarah McCammon
And let's not forget this whole process of appropriating money. You know, this money is for all kinds of government functions that affect people all over the country. And I want to talk about that. I mean, what does all of this mean for the people who vote for members of Congress? You know, expecting them to advocate for them?
Deirdre Walsh
I think a lot of people expect their member of Congress to bring home the bacon, right? If there's federal projects in their district, if there are, you know, VA facilities or hospitals or. Or government offices, functions of the government, farming, Social Security offices, et cetera, that need funding, they expect their member of Congress to represent them and ask for that money, boost that money, maybe sometimes cut that money if they don't like whatever that thing is in their district. When Congress isn't able to pass its regular spending bills, they essentially give up that power. It's just sort of like punting at last year's program. So it's much harder to get these special projects. Another thing, serving on the Appropriations Committee used to be a giant assignment that members of Congress would spend years trying to get that seat because you could ask for what are called earmarks, like special projects. A million dollars, $10 million for a road in your district or water project in your district. That practice has sort of been going away. And more often than not, Republicans are looking to the administration and dialing up the Department of Energy or the Department of Education or whatever and having to lobby for individual projects. That's not the way it used to work.
Tamara Keith
And I will just say one person's bacon is another person's pork. And a lot of these members of Congress actually ran on reining in out of control government spending.
Sarah McCammon
But they also, to Deirdre's point, are supposed to bring that bacon home.
Tamara Keith
And in a way, it's a real tug.
Sarah McCammon
I wonder if a rescission in some of these districts feels like not just not bringing home the bacon, but actually sending the pork back to the kitchen when it was already on the table. All right, we're gonna take a quick break, and when we get back, it's time for Can't Let It Go.
Unknown
This summer on Planet Money Summer School, we're learning about political economy. We're getting into the nitty gritty of what government does with things like trade, taxes, immigration, and healthcare.
Sarah McCammon
So politics and economics, which are taught separately, they shouldn't be separated at all. I think you have to understand one to really appreciate the other. So what is the right amount of.
Unknown
Government in our lives?
Deirdre Walsh
Tune into Planet Money Summer School from.
Unknown
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Sarah McCammon
And we're back. It's time to end the show like we do every week with Can't Let It Go. The part of the show where we talk about the things from the week that we just can't stop thinking about politics or otherwise. And Deirdre, I'll start with you. What can't you let go this week.
Deirdre Walsh
I can't let go of Venus Williams returned to the tennis tour at age 45. I am a huge tennis fan. I'm a huge fan of the Williams sisters. They really changed the game of women's tennis. And Venus is sort of the OG. She came back after 16 months of not playing a match here in Washington, played her first match and won and unfortunately she lost last night. But it's been great to see her back on the court. I mean, she's just an amazing player, fun to watch, and really energizes the enthusiastic around the game. The other thing I can't let go of, her return is one of the reasons she said she came back was for the healthcare. What she said, she's been on COBRA for a really long time.
Sarah McCammon
That stuff's expensive.
Deirdre Walsh
And she has long talked about her autoimmune issues and other health issues and says, I have to go to the doctor a lot. I need health care and I like the health care. So I can't wait for her to get better and play the next tournament. And hopefully we will see her at the US Open.
Sarah McCammon
Big week for Venus Williams.
Deirdre Walsh
Love Venus Williams. What about you, Sarah? What can't you let go of?
Sarah McCammon
So what I can't let go actually comes from one of our member stations in Texas. They've been doing this thing that I think is really cool and might actually be helpful to a lot of people. We're gonna hit the tape.
Deirdre Walsh
Welcome to Marfa Public Radio puts you to sleep, the podcast where we read boring documents we have to interface with in our jobs as radio professionals to lull you into a deep and peaceful slumber.
Tamara Keith
I love this.
Sarah McCammon
First of all, Deirdre and Tam, you.
Tamara Keith
Don'T know what that's about, do you?
Sarah McCammon
Interfacing with boring documents for work? Yeah, I just love this concept because, you know, this is like public service at its best. From one of our member stations, and they've been doing this for like a year and a half or something. But what they did this week, you.
Deirdre Walsh
May recognize amendment section 1, short title, this act may be cited as the Rescissions act of 2025. Okay, I could not listen to this.
Tamara Keith
That would not be.
Deirdre Walsh
I unfortunately wasn't able to go to sleep during this process. So I appreciate this public service, but I look forward to their next episode.
Tamara Keith
Because they debated it in the middle of the night. You got no sleep.
Sarah McCammon
I appreciate them finding the silver lining in everything that's been going on. And I have to say, if the Rescissions act is not to your liking, there's a host of other options from Marfa Public Radio, including the Texas Administrative Code or the Public broadcasting Act of 1967. So in case you ever have trouble falling asleep, at any rate, what can't you let go?
Tamara Keith
Tam, this is a lifelong thing that I can't let go of. So I, as longtime listeners of the podcast, will know, have, like a weird thing with Chuck E. Cheese or Charles Entertainment Cheese, if you're into formality.
Sarah McCammon
Oh, that's right. That's his name.
Tamara Keith
So the children's pizza joint, what happened? Is that a man at a Chuck E. Cheese in Tallahassee? Of course, Florida was arrested for alleged credit card fraud. And when they went in to get the suspect, he was suited up as Chuck E. Cheese. So there are photos taken by parents while their kids are banging, whack a mole or whatever of this Chuck E. Cheese being taken out in handcuffs.
Deirdre Walsh
That's gonna give some kids some nightmares. I think Chuck E. Cheese gave me nightmares.
Tamara Keith
But, yeah, I mean, I call him the Pizza Mouse. He used to be the Pizza Rat, but then they changed it in 1993. Anyway, I just can't get enough of pictures of the pizza Mouse in cuffs.
Sarah McCammon
Yeah, that was probably not the day that the hosts of the birthday parties were hoping for. Sounds like it was a rough day for many involved. But, you know, I think most parents who've been through raising young children have probably spent some time at Chuck E. Cheese. And, you know, you never know what's gonna. All right, that's a wrap for today. Our executive producer is Muthoni Muturi. Our editor is Rachel Bay. Our producer is Bria Suggs. Thanks to Kelsey Snell. I'm Sarah McCammon. I cover politics.
Tamara Keith
I'm Tamara Keith. I cover the White House.
Deirdre Walsh
And I'm Deirdre Walsh. I cover Congress.
Sarah McCammon
And thank you for listening to the NPR Politics podcast.
Paul
Federal funding for public media has been eliminated. That means decades of bipartisan support for public radio and television is ending. To be clear, NPR isn't going anywhere. But we do need your support. Please give today to help keep rigorous, independent, and irreplaceable news coverage available to everybody free of charge. You can make your gift@donate.NPR.org and thank you at Planet Money.
Deirdre Walsh
We know that economic jargon can sometimes feel like speaking another language.
Sarah McCammon
Yeah, like arbitrative alpha otarchy.
Deirdre Walsh
That's just what's in the news these days. There's also absolute advantage. Aggregate demand, aggregate supply.
Sarah McCammon
And this is just the A's.
Unknown
Oh, animal spirits.
Sarah McCammon
That's a pretty good one. Planet Money from npr. We help you translate the economy so you can understand the world. Wherever you get your podcasts, fall in.
Unknown
Love with new music every Friday at All songs considered. That's NPR's music recommendation. Podcast Fridays are where we spend our whole show, sharing all the greatest new releases of the week. Make the hunt for new music a part of your life again. Tap into new Music Friday from All Songs Considered available Wherever you get your podcasts.
Summary of The NPR Politics Podcast Episode: "Congress And Trump Play Tug-Of-War Over The 'Power Of The Purse'"
Release Date: July 25, 2025
Hosts: Sarah McCammon, Tamara Keith, Deirdre Walsh
1. Introduction to the Power of the Purse
In this episode, the hosts delve into the ongoing struggle between Congress and the Trump administration over the constitutional "power of the purse." With the House of Representatives on summer break, Congress recently passed a $9 billion rescissions package at the behest of the White House, effectively canceling previously approved funding.
2. Trump Administration's Approach to Government Spending
Tamara Keith discusses President Trump's expansive use of executive power in managing government spending:
"The Trump approach to spending is much like his approach to governing in the second term. He is testing the limits of executive power, spending seeking wins for himself, and he's blowing past norms and established law, and that includes everything from executive orders."
— Tamara Keith [01:53]
She further explains that the administration's strategy involves maximumist executive actions, bypassing traditional congressional processes to implement spending decisions unilaterally.
3. Traditional Congressional Spending Processes vs. Current Practices
Deirdre Walsh outlines the standard procedure for government funding:
"The process, how it's supposed to work is they pass 12 appropriations bills that lay out very specifically how various government programs are funded... What has become the norm on Capitol Hill is that Congress kicks the can."
— Deirdre Walsh [02:34]
She highlights that instead of passing individual appropriations bills, Congress increasingly relies on omnibus bills or continuing resolutions (CRs) to fund the government, often leading to less oversight and more executive discretion.
4. The Rescissions Package: Details and Implications
The recent $9 billion rescissions package, aimed at reducing foreign aid and public media funding, marks a significant use of a seldom-invoked tool in federal budgeting. Deirdre Walsh provides historical context:
"The rescissions process was set out by a Congress passed itself in the 70s, around the Watergate era, because they wanted to be able to still put their stamp in the event that the executive wanted to claw back some of this money."
— Deirdre Walsh [02:34]
However, the current package has raised concerns among some Republicans due to its broad and non-specific nature, lacking detailed allocations for specific program cuts.
5. Internal Republican Divisions on Spending Cuts
Tamara Keith discusses varying Republican perspectives on spending reductions:
"Some of these programs are out of line ideologically with the president or his administration... And like, may never see the light of day."
— Tamara Keith [07:16]
While some Republicans support the administration's approach to unilaterally cut funding, others seek to reassert congressional authority by demanding detailed proposals and maintaining control over spending decisions. Deirdre Walsh adds:
"There have been rescissions bills that have passed... But in the past, these have been bipartisan."
— Deirdre Walsh [07:39]
The current package's lack of detail has led to bipartisan pushback, with figures like Senators Lisa Murkowski and Susan Collins expressing reservations.
6. The Democratic Role and Potential for Government Shutdown
Despite Republican control of the House, the Senate requires a 60-vote majority to pass spending bills, making Democratic support crucial. Deirdre Walsh notes:
"After the rescissions vote, which all Democrats opposed, there were pretty dire warnings from Democrats across the board..."
— Deirdre Walsh [09:12]
However, recent bipartisan efforts, such as restoring cuts to veterans' programs, indicate potential cooperation. Sarah McCammon summarizes:
"When it comes to the Senate, you need 60 votes to pass these spending bills... Democrats are key in deciding whether or not this process is going to move forward or not." [09:05]
The collaboration on certain bills suggests a pathway to avoiding a government shutdown, though more contentious spending measures loom as potential challenges.
7. Impact on Constituents: The Decline of Earmarks and Local Funding
The inability of Congress to pass detailed appropriations bills diminishes legislators' capacity to secure funding for local projects, traditionally achieved through earmarks. Deirdre Walsh explains:
"When Congress isn't able to pass its regular spending bills, they essentially give up that power. It's just sort of like punting at last year's program."
— Deirdre Walsh [13:11]
This shift forces members of Congress to rely more heavily on executive branch decisions and individual lobbying efforts, undermining their role in advocating for district-specific needs. Tamara Keith adds a nuanced perspective:
"And I will just say one person's bacon is another person's pork. And a lot of these members of Congress actually ran on reining in out of control government spending."
— Tamara Keith [14:47]
This creates a tension between the ideological promise to cut spending and the practical necessity to fund constituent projects.
8. Conclusion and Future Outlook
The episode concludes with an examination of the fragile balance of power between Congress and the executive branch over federal spending. The ongoing tug-of-war reveals deep-seated issues within Congressional processes and raises questions about the future of government funding, bipartisan cooperation, and the potential for fiscal conflicts leading to government shutdowns.
The hosts underscore the importance of understanding these dynamics, as they have far-reaching implications for governance, public services, and the daily lives of American citizens.
Notable Quotes with Timestamps:
"The Trump approach to spending is much like his approach to governing in the second term..."
— Tamara Keith [01:53]
"The process, how it's supposed to work is they pass 12 appropriations bills... Congress kicks the can."
— Deirdre Walsh [02:34]
"It's a ceiling. It is not a floor. It is not the notion that you have to spend every last dollar..."
— Deirdre Walsh [04:32]
"Some of these programs are out of line ideologically with the president or his administration..."
— Tamara Keith [07:16]
"After the rescissions vote, which all Democrats opposed... Why would we cooperate with you going forward?"
— Deirdre Walsh [09:12]
"When Congress isn't able to pass its regular spending bills, they essentially give up that power."
— Deirdre Walsh [13:11]
"And I will just say one person's bacon is another person's pork."
— Tamara Keith [14:47]
This comprehensive summary encapsulates the key discussions and insights from the episode, providing a clear understanding of the complex interplay between Congress and the Trump administration over federal spending and the power dynamics involved.