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Listener discretion is advised! (explicit) References: McGovern B, Garan H, Ruskin JN. Precipitation of cardiac arrest by verapamil in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1986 Jun;104(6):791-4. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-104-6-791. PMID: 3706931. Strasberg B, Sagie A, Rechavia E, Katz A, Ovsyscher IA, Sclarovsky S, Agmon J. Deleterious effects of intravenous verapamil in Wolff-Parkinson-White patients and atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1989 Jan;2(6):801-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00133211. PMID: 2488095. UK Paramedic Assaults: https://collegeofparamedics.co.uk/COP/COP/News/2025/AACE_Calls_For_Further_Interventions.aspx#:~:text=New%20data%20shows%20UK%20ambulance,15%25%20on%20the%20previous%20year.

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LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!! References: Carunchio, M. (July 2020). Atypical Stroke Presentations. EMS World. Available: https://www.hmpgloballearningnetwork.com/site/emsworld/article/1224541/atypical-stroke-presentations Clawson, J. J., Scott, G., Gardett, I., et al. (2016). Predictive Ability of an Emergency Medical Dispatch Stroke Diagnostic Tool in Identifying Hospital-Confirmed Strokes. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 25, 2031-2042. Gardett, Olola, Scott, Broadbent, & Clawson. (March 22, 2017). Comparison of EMD Stroke Identification and Paramedic On-Scene Stroke Assessment. Annals of Emergency Dispatch & Response. Peter Antevy Substack Article on RQI. Available: https://handtevymd.substack.com/p/jalen-brunson-didnt-win-a-championship?r=khz4&utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&utm_medium=post%20viewer&triedRedirect=true Prehospital Stroke ID Article: Caffarelli M, Wood AJ, Crowe RP, Amorim E, Kamel H, Kim AS, Guterman EL. PMID: 39398987.

Listener discretion is advised!!! References: My ResusX Talk: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufC2LXtCzUI Hana Hybasek Dzurikova. (29 Jan 2025). Unmasking Hyperkalemia: Highlighting Critical ECG Changes. Available https://www.powerfulmedical.com/blog/hyperkalemia-ecg-critical-changes/

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Listener discretion is advised!!! References: Gabayan, G. Z., Gould, M. K., Weiss, R. E., Patel, N., Donkor, K. A., Chiu, V. Y., Yiu, S. C., Jones, J. P., Hoffman, J. R., & Sarkisian, C. A. (2016). Poor Outcomes After Emergency Department Discharge of the Elderly: A Case-Control Study. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 68(1), 43–51.e2. Ganetsky M, Lopez G, Coreanu T, Novack V, Horng S, Shapiro NI, Bauer KA. Risk of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Ground-level Fall With Antiplatelet or Anticoagulant Agents. Acad Emerg Med. 2017 Oct;24(10):1258-1266. Gokhroo, R. K., Ranwa, B. L., Kishor, K., et al. (2015). Sweating: A Specific Predictor of ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Among the Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome: Sweating In Myocardial Infarction (SWIMI) Study Group. Clinical Cardiology, 39, 90–95. Knack SKS, Scott N, Driver BE, Prekker ME, Black LP, Hopson C, Maruggi E, Kaus O, Tordsen W, Puskarich MA. Early Physician Gestalt Versus Usual Screening Tools for the Prediction of Sepsis in Critically Ill Emergency Patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 Sep;84(3) Koo, A. (Oct 29, 2024). Putting Clinical Gestalt to Work in the Emergency Department. Available: https://www.acepnow.com/article/putting-clinical-gestalt-to-work-in-the-emergency-department/5/?singlepage=1 Long, B., Keim, S. M., Gottlieb, M., Carlson, J., Bedolla, J., & Reisdorff, E. J. (2024). Can I Discharge This Adult Patient with Abnormal Vital Signs From the Emergency Department? The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 67(4), e487–e493. Milner, K. A., Funk, M., Arnold, A., & Vaccarino, V. (2002). Typical symptoms are predictive of acute coronary syndromes in women. American Heart Journal, 143, 283–288.

Listener discretion is advised! References: Buttner & Arlanger. (May 3, 2022). ST depression does not localise. Available: https://litfl.com/st-depression-does-not-localise/ Cannon, J. W., Khan, M. A., Raja, A. S., et al. (2017). Damage control resuscitation in patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 82, 605-617. Kabra, R., Acharya, S., Kamat, S., & Kumar, S. (2022). ST-Segment Elevation in Lead aVR With Global ST-Segment Depression: Never Neglect Left Main Coronary Artery (LMCA) Occlusion. Cureus. Lee, G.-K., Hsieh, Y.-P., Hsu, S.-W., Lan, S.-J., & Soni, K. (2019). Value of ST‐segment change in lead aVR in diagnosing left main disease in Non‐ST‐elevation acute coronary syndrome—A meta‐analysis. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 24. Morrison, C. A., Carrick, M. M., Norman, M. A., et al. (2011). Hypotensive Resuscitation Strategy Reduces Transfusion Requirements and Severe Postoperative Coagulopathy in Trauma Patients With Hemorrhagic Shock: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care, 70, 652-663. Rossaint, R., Afshari, A., Bouillon, B., et al. (2023). The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: sixth edition. Critical Care, 27. Tamura, A. (2014). Significance of lead aVR in acute coronary syndrome. World Journal of Cardiology, 6(7), 630. Uthamalingam, S., Zheng, H., Leavitt, M., Pomerantsev, E., Ahmado, I., Gurm, G. S., & Gewirtz, H. (2011). Exercise-Induced ST-Segment Elevation in ECG Lead aVR Is a Useful Indicator of Significant Left Main or Ostial LAD Coronary Artery Stenosis. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 4, 176–186. Weymouth, W., Long, B., Koyfman, A., & Winckler, C. (2019). Whole Blood in Trauma: A Review for Emergency Clinicians. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 56, 491-498. Wang, A., Singh, V., Duan, Y., Su, X., Su, H., Zhang, M., & Cao, Y. (2020). Prognostic implications of ST‐segment elevation in lead aVR in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A meta‐analysis. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 26.

LISTENER DISCRETION IS ADVISED!!!!! References: Hair Tourniquet: PMID: 29092968 ACEP. (2025). A Worthy Investment: What Every EM Resident Needs to Know About Reimbursement in 2025. Available: https://www.acep.org/administration/reimbursement/what-every-graduating-resident-needs-to-know-about-reimbursement Dan Magdziarz. (Jan 5, 2021). High-Yield RVU Generation in Emergency Medicine. Emergency Physicians Monthly. Available: https://epmonthly.com/article/high-yield-rvu-generation-in-emergency-medicine/ John Proctor. Gauging Emergency Physician Productivity: Are RVUs the Answer? Available: https://www.acep.org/imports/clinical-and-practice-management/resources/reimbursement-imported/gauging-emergency-physician-productivity-are-rvus-the-answerEmer

Listener discretion is advised! References: ACEP. (2025). A Worthy Investment: What Every EM Resident Needs to Know About Reimbursement in 2025. Available: https://www.acep.org/administration/reimbursement/what-every-graduating-resident-needs-to-know-about-reimbursement Dan Magdziarz. (Jan 5, 2021). High-Yield RVU Generation in Emergency Medicine. Emergency Physicians Monthly. Available: https://epmonthly.com/article/high-yield-rvu-generation-in-emergency-medicine/ John Proctor. Gauging Emergency Physician Productivity: Are RVUs the Answer? Available: https://www.acep.org/imports/clinical-and-practice-management/resources/reimbursement-imported/gauging-emergency-physician-productivity-are-rvus-the-answerEmer

Listener discretion is advised. Dr. Rugna's Article: https://assets-che.mkt.dynamics.com/82359f7e-b7af-4cc1-a9fe-c8a35b467194/digitalassets/standaloneforms/7a39198e-7127-f011-8c4d-0022480cd54d#div_id