S10 E11 | Last Hope

Summary

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THIS IS HISTORY — A DYNASTY TO DIE FOR

S10 E11 | Last Hope

Release Date: August 4, 2026
Host: Dan Jones
Focus: The fragile hopes pinned on Henry Tudor and the near-collapse of the Plantagenet dynasty in the chaotic aftermath of Richard III’s seizure of the English throne.

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Episode Overview

This episode dives into the desperate years following Edward IV’s death—when his widow, children, and supporters are targeted by Richard III, and the exiled Henry Tudor emerges as a last, unlikely hope for the Yorkist opposition. Dan Jones takes listeners through political intrigue, failed rebellions, desperate alliances, and the narrow thread from which the Plantagenet dynasty hangs, setting the stage for the rise of the Tudors.

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Key Discussion Points and Insights

1. Margaret Beaufort’s Ambition and Hope (01:53–06:28)

• Margaret Beaufort, Henry Tudor’s indefatigable mother, quietly orchestrates an administrative coup: a royal pardon for her son, drawn up under Edward IV’s authority.
• The pardon is intended to clear Henry’s record and facilitate his return to England, restoration of the Earldom of Richmond, and possibly a marriage to Elizabeth of York, the King’s eldest daughter.
• Dan Jones contextualizes Margaret’s struggles:

  “Since Margaret was 13 years old, she's been trying to find her son a place in the world. But just as she gets this close to pulling off her master plan, the rug is whipped out from beneath her feet.” (07:46)

• But Edward IV’s sudden death derails everything. Richard III’s ascension destroys negotiations, and Henry again becomes “enemy of the state,” with all Beaufort’s plans in ruins.

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2. Richard III’s Rule and Its Consequences (06:29–10:29)

• Richard seizes the throne, sidelining his nephews (the Princes in the Tower), and locking his rivals away.
• His brutality shocks even his supporters and destabilizes the realm.
• Dan Jones wryly notes:

  “Richard's decision to choose the path to power that involves slaughtering his own allies and committing kiddie murder doesn't go down universally well.” (10:03)

• Exiled Yorkists and disaffected Lancastrians (many unfamiliar with Henry himself) converge on Brittany—support for Henry Tudor grows, less for his claim than for the mere fact he isn’t Richard.

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3. The Flimsy Claim of Henry Tudor (10:30–12:45)

• Henry’s claim is tenuous:
  • On his father’s side, he’s distantly related to Henry VI, but through Catherine de Valois—a French queen.
  • On his mother’s side, the Beauforts descend from John of Gaunt, but parliament barred them from succession in 1407.
• Summary from Jones:

  “He has about as much royal blood as a stick of celery with the word Plantagenet-ish written on it in colourful food dye.” (11:33)

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4. Buckingham’s Rebellion: The Attempted Overthrow (14:24–23:55)

• John Morton, Bishop of Ely, is approached in prison by Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham—formerly Richard’s right-hand man—who regrets helping Richard to the throne.
• Jones sets the scene:

  “Buckingham has a funny look on his face, an expression that doesn't suit him very well. He looks almost apologetic.” (15:07)

• Buckingham, Morton, Margaret, and Elizabeth Woodville conspire: Henry should marry Elizabeth of York and invade.
• Despite big plans, Buckingham’s rebellion collapses spectacularly:
  • Torrential rain floods Wales, impeding movement and recruitment.
  • Local nobles shun Buckingham, who is unpopular and fails to rally support.
  • Buckingham is caught hiding, arrested, and summarily executed by Richard.

    “On Sunday 2nd November, All Souls Day... Buckingham's head is lopped off in Salisbury marketplace...” (22:58)

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5. Henry Tudor’s Abortive Invasion and Near-Doom (23:55–27:55)

• A storm wreaks havoc on Henry’s fleet, scattering it as he attempts to invade England.
• At Poole, Dorset, Henry suspects a trap from a supposed welcoming committee.

  “Like Eminem in 8 Mile. He knows you only get one shot. This isn't it.” (27:18)

• Henry turns back to France; the rebellion fizzles. Richard, outwardly secure, tightens his grip.

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6. Richard III’s Consolidation and Paranoia (27:55–30:37)

• Following the failed uprising, Richard:
  • Offers affordable legal access to appear ‘for the people’.
  • Has Parliament declare his rivals’ marriages void, his enemies attainted, and consolidates power among a loyal core.
• Henry Tudor is permanently excluded from reconciliation and becomes an existential threat—a rallying point for all Richard’s opponents.

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7. The Remnant’s Last Hope: Vow at Rennes (30:38–31:50)

• Exile Yorkists gather with Henry in Brittany.
• On Christmas Day, 1483, they swear allegiance to him as their would-be king. Henry solemnly promises to marry Elizabeth of York if he becomes king.

  “Henry makes a sacred oath to marry Elizabeth of York as soon as he becomes King of England.” (31:28)

• Jones foreshadows the conclusion:

  “Henry Tudor is going to come to England and topple the crooked regime of Richard iii. Or he's going to die trying. The last days of the Plantagenet monarchy are upon us.” (31:39)

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Notable Quotes & Memorable Moments

• On Henry’s claim:

  “Henry's main virtue is that he isn't the dodgy, thieving homicidal maniac who's currently on the throne.” (12:18)

• On Buckingham’s complete lack of support:

  “The upshot is... Buckingham is reduced to wandering around with his lordly pintle in his hand...” (20:51)

• On Christmas at Rennes:

  “They swear homage to him as if he were already a king. In return, Henry makes a sacred oath to marry Elizabeth of York...” (31:28)

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Important Segment Timestamps

• Margaret Beaufort’s Royal Pardon for Henry: 01:53–06:28
• Edward IV Dies; Richard III Seizes Power: 06:29–10:29
• Exiled Factions Rally to Henry Tudor: 10:30–12:45
• Buckingham’s Rebellion—Conspiracy, Disaster, Execution: 14:24–23:55
• Henry’s Failed Invasion of England: 23:55–27:55
• Richard III’s Laws & Purges: 27:55–30:37
• Yorkists Vow Loyalty at Rennes: 30:38–31:50

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Episode Tone & Style

Dan Jones delivers the story with irreverence, dark humour, and vivid narrative detail. He blends relatable modern analogies and historical insight (“like Eminem in 8 Mile”; “as much royal blood as a stick of celery...”), revelling in the “baroque” betrayals and breakneck reversals that characterize the Plantagenet twilight.

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For Listeners New to the Series

• This episode is a tale of dashed hopes and last-chance plots, focusing not just on the big players, but also the web of loyalties and personal ambitions that brought the Plantagenets’ reign to a tumultuous end.
• The stakes are clarified: everything now hinges on the seemingly impossible Tudor claim, and the coming showdown that will reshape English history.

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Next episode: Season finale—Henry’s gamble and the final days of the dynasty.
Featured themes: Power, legitimacy, betrayal, the thinness of royal claims, and the will to survive at any cost.

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Transcript

[Dan Jones]

Friends.

It's the penultimate episode of this is History's last season with the Plantagenets. Now, we're not going anywhere, but I want to tell you there are another nine seasons for you to consume, stretching all the way back to Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine's day. You can listen to them ad free on Patreon. That's where you can also get another 130 bonus episodes where myself and my producers dig deeper into the history behind each episode. Like today's, where producer Al and I get stuck into the doubt about Henry Tudor's claims to the throne and ask whether we need to thank Richard III for accessible justice. Well, as long as you're not on his bad side. Now, on with the show. After this short break.

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[Dan Jones]

Margaret Beaufort watches the Clark, painstakingly writing out letters on the old sheet of parchment. Watching along is her husband, Thomas Stanley, the most powerful lord in Northwest England. The clerical office they've come to visit is buzzing with activity. Royal scribes are working on all sorts of documents. Property transfers, charters, confirmations of land, titles. You name it, they're at it. But as far as Margaret is concerned, not that's being written out here today is remotely as important as the document her clerk is working on. It's the draft of a royal pardon. The person it excuses from all past misdemeanors is her son, the exile, Henry Tudor. Margaret hasn't seen her son for about a decade. He's 24 now, a fully grown man, but she's never stopped thinking of him or quietly fighting his corner and today his case is taking a huge step forward because the pardon that's being written is under the authority of the Plantagenet King of England. And it's with his royal approval that Henry is going to be protected from all legal action or political persecution. Once this has been done, the next steps will be to bring him home, then start integrating him into the ranks of the English nobility, which is where, in Margaret's mind at least, he has always belonged. The pardon is actually being drafted on the back of a 30 year old document. That's the original grant which made Henry's dad, Edmund Tudor Earl of Richmond, back in 1452. So it couldn't be clearer about what the direction of travel is. It's a program of political rehabilitation. First, the King's pardon. Second, Henry comes home and is made Earl of Richmond. But then there's something else in the works too. Behind the scenes, Margaret and her husband Stanley have been lobbying for Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, to marry into the royal family. They're gunning for the best marriage possible. The eldest available Yorkist princess is Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville's daughter, 16 year old Elizabeth of York. If they can snag her, they would knit Henry directly into the royal family. It would be as close a thing to permanent immunity as possible. Margaret holds her breath as the clerk lays down his quill, then picks up his sealing wax and carefully fixes the King's seal to the document. Then elation floods through her. At long last, all her work to bring her son home has paid off. Only there's one tiny problem. All this happens in 1482. Within months of the ink and wax drying on that document, the king who granted it, Edward iv, is dead. Soon after his brother has seized the throne as Richard iii. And when that happens, all bets are off. Richard has no interest in rehabilitating anyone. Elizabeth of York is locked up with her mother in sanctuary. Her brothers, the princes in the tower are missing, presumed dead. And Henry Tudor's status has once more been downgraded from long lost friend to enemy of the state. All Margaret Beaufort's dreams have gone up in smoke. It looks like she and England will never see Henry Tudor again. I'm Dan Jones and from Sony Music Entertainment, this is history, season 10 of a dynasty to Die For. Episode 11 last hope. It's a long observed quirk of psychology that we humans fare quite badly with having our toys taken away. Or to put it another way, we can deal pretty well with not having things. On the whole, what really stings is to possess something momentarily and then to have it snatched off you. For example, I remember a few years ago, coming third in a cards tournament and being awarded the mighty sum of 10 quid. I was over the moon, but only for about 45 seconds, because almost right away, the landlady of the pub where I was playing this high stakes game announced that she was doing a sponsored charity walk that weekend. The going rate to sponsor her. Yes, that's right, a Kylie Jenner. Now, it pinched a little, handing that ten pound note straight back whence it came. But in the grand scheme of things, it wasn't so bad. For a start, it was the launchpad to bigger and better things for me in the world of competitive cards. But more importantly for our purposes, losing a couple of pints worth of cold, hard cash pales into insignificance when we compare it to what Margaret Boy Beaufort is going through in the 1480s. Since Margaret was 13 years old, she's been trying to find her son a place in the world. But just as she gets this close to pulling off her master plan, the rug is whipped out from beneath her feet. If Edward IV had lived just a year longer before dying from an excess of all kinds of pork, it's very likely that Margaret would have had Henry back in England. He'd have been Earl of Richmond and subject to the right paperwork coming through. Married to the King's eldest daughter. But then, as we heard last time in 1483, dodgy Uncle Richard went well and truly rogue and Henry Tudor's rehab plan was collateral damage. It turns out that usurping the crown and disappearing the princes in the Tower isn't just a crime in its own right. In doing it, Richard also takes a wrecking ball to England's fragile political peace. So what does all this mean for Henry? Well, now the Earldom of Richmond is off the menu, along with his suggested marriage to Elizabeth of York, Henry has to go back to living the life of an exile. For all his adult years, he's lived at the mercy of the Duke of Brittany, the King of France and, and the machinations between them, it looks like that's the way it's going to stay. Or at least that's the initial prognosis. But actually, as the dust settles on Richard's disgraceful power grab in England, things start to look rather interesting for Henry across the sea. It's not really because of anything he does or that Margaret Beaufort does. It's more to do with the political reaction to Richard's own actions. Because who'd have thunk it. Richard's decision to choose the path to power that involves slaughtering his own allies and committing kiddie murder doesn't go down universally. Well, in fact, right from the moment that Richard snatches the crown, there are significant figures in England who decide to they can't live under this regime. Almost right away, there's a small but steady trickle of men leaving the realm and going into exile across the Channel. Quite a few of them choose to go to Brittany and in doing so, they're either explicitly or implicitly throwing their weight behind one of the few men left standing with anything like a claim to the Plantagenet crown. Of course, Henry's claim to royalty is far from cast iron. In fact, it's decidedly dodgy. Certainly he has a fair shout to be Earl of Richmond. That was his dad's title, fair and square. But Plantagenet royal blood, that's a bit of a stretch. By way of quick reminder, it's true that Henry's father was a half brother of the old Lancastrian duffer Henry vi, but that relation came via Catherine de Valois. The she had royal blood alright, but it wasn't English, it was French, so you can forget about that right away. So what of Henry Tudor's Beaufort descent? Well, through his ever striving tiger mum, Henry is descended from John of Gaunt and therefore from Edward iii. But the Beauforts are all kind of half assed when it comes to being full Plantagenet royals. It's been explicitly stated in parliament back in 1407 that they don't have a claim to the crown. And while laws can be unmade as well as made, it's not the firmest ground on which to pitch a claim. So what is the appeal of Henry Tudor in 1483? Well, as one chronicler puts it, he's the only imp now left. In other words, if you're looking for an alternative to Richard, there really is a very short, short list. So it doesn't really matter that no one in England knows Henry. Vanishingly few of them have ever clapped eyes on him. And he has about as much royal blood as a stick of celery with the word Plantagenet ish written on it in colourful food dye. Henry's main virtue is that he isn't the dodgy, thieving homicidal maniac who's currently on the throne. That being said, there's a big difference between having a vague claim to the throne and turning it into a real challenge to said homicidal maniac. To bridge the gap. Someone in England is going to have to step up and say the thing out loud. I back Henry Tudor. Fortunately, that someone exists lurking right in Richard III's inner circle. And in the autumn of 1483, he decides to roll the dice.

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episode is supported by FX's the Shards, a seductive drama from executive producer Ryan Murphy. Set in 1980s Los Angeles, the series follows a group of glamorous, deeply entangled high school seniors drawn into a life of wealth, beauty, parties and excess. At its center is Brett, whose react reality begins to unravel when the arrival of a new student coincides with a series of mysterious murders. FX's the Shards premieres August 5th on FX and Hulu.

[Dan Jones]

John Morton, Bishop of Ely, hasn't got much of a view out of the window of his cell in Brecon Castle, but he can tell visitors are arriving, which could be good news or very bad news, but either way it'll be interesting to find out. Morton has been stuck in this pokey little castle in South Wales for weeks now. Whoever it is dismounting their horse in the castle courtyard and making commands to their servants should at least be able to bring him the latest news from outside. Because surely big things must be going down. The last taste of freedom Morton had was the council meeting held on June 13th in the Tower of London when he was arrested and his pal Lord Hastings was arrested and murdered. It's now early autumn and events are moving fast in the outside world. Morton wants to stay up to speed and to be fair to him, he's about to be dragged straight into the fence. Fast lane. It's not long before whoever just arrived is striding down the hallway towards his cell. And when whoever is let in, Morton is mildly surprised to see it's the man who has ultimate responsibility for his imprisonment, Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham. The 27 year old Duke sits down. Morton eyes him warily. After all, this is King Richard III's right hand man and kingmaker. Last Morton heard, Buckingham had been handed Responsibility by Richard for sniffing out treason and plots against his rule. Yet Buckingham has a funny look on his face, an expression that doesn't suit him very well. He looks almost apologetic. And when he starts to talk, Morton is startled to find that he really is full of regret. The effect is so weird, in fact, that at first Morton smells a rat. But the longer Buckingham talks, the more convincing he sounds. What he says is this. He's well aware that he helped put Richard III in power. But now the princes in the Tower have disappeared. He's starting to have an attack of the whoopsies. It could be that he's picturing himself at the Pearly Gates and figuring that being an accessory to child murder isn't the best look. Whatever it is, he tells Morton he really does wish things had ended up otherwise. And he's starting to think it might be best if Richard was replaced with someone better to continue the legacy of old big back of blessed memory, Edward iv. He's come to Morton as a canny political operator for a bit of strategic advice. What does he reckon is the best way forward? He agrees that getting Richard off the throne is a must. But to make Henry Tudor a plausible alternative, he says they need to dust off the old Margaret Beaufort play. Henry needs to be married as soon as possible to Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville's eldest daughter, Elizabeth of York. Put those two together and you have something that looks somewhat true to the spirit of Edward. Then there'll just be the small matter of raising enough hell by way of an invasion and or rebellion to force a showdown. It isn't easy, but Morton can't see any other way to do it. He adds the obvious, that Margaret Beaufort and Elizabeth Woodville need to be in on this as well. Buckingham assures him they will be. In fact, they're already in secret communication via a doctor called Louis Carleon, who treats both of them and can pass messages back and forth between them. They're already getting word out to anyone who has a scrap of loyalty left to the old regime. Be ready to rebel. In mid October, Morton agrees to help with this rabble rousing writing to all his loyal old comrades from their time in service to King Edward. Finally, messengers are heading across the channel to broker a deal for the Duke of Brittany to lend Henry Tudor some ships, men and money to head to England and take his place as the the rival king. Buckingham, in an incredibly kingmakerish volt face, is now attempting to orchestrate a massive coup against Richard iii, whose own massive coup is barely three months old. Welcome, ladies and gentlemen, to just another day in Yorkist England. There's just one problem with the uprising of 1483 that comes to be known as Buckingham's Rebellion, and that's Buckingham, because although the Duke has plenty of brass neck, he doesn't have anything like a grip on the sprawling networks of people interested in rising up against King Richard. Certainly, he has no control over when they act. And that means that from the start, the rebellion is a mishmash of localised tear ups and which get going. Around the second week of October, there are armed demonstrations against the King across southern England, from Kent to Cornwall, largely orchestrated by men connected to the old court of Edward IV or with the Woodville family. Richard III finds out about this as soon as it gets going, and he also learns early on that the Duke of Buckingham has flipped on him. In response, he announces a 1,000 pound bounty on Buckingham's head and slaps a similarly fat one on Bishop Morton's head too. But as it turns out, he doesn't really need to, because as soon as the rebellion gets going, Buckingham proves himself capable of screwing up a popular uprising without much in the way of assistance. His plan is to go out and stir up Wales and the borderlands where he holds estates. Unfortunately, things go badly from the start. For one thing, there's a fortnight of torrential rain which floods the countryside and bursts all the riverbanks, making it a highly unattractive moment for anyone to be lobbied to go out and march across the open countryside and do some fighting. And even if the weather had been better, Buckingham also finds that no one seems very inspired by his presence in the rebel ranks. So when he starts knocking on doors around Wales and the Borders, the local lords and gentry who might be expected to sign up to his cause, slam those same doors in his face. It seems, not to put too fine a point on it, that no one likes Buckingham. The great lords of the region won't help him. Even Lord Stanley, who's married to Margaret Beaufort, looks in the other direction and refuses to get involved. And the minor gentry go the same way. The upshot is that by the end of October, Buckingham is reduced to wandering around with his lordly pintle in his hand. And knowing that by now Richard has raised a formidable army of northern troops and is advancing on the rebels, he realizes he's totally screwed, so tries to hide out by ditching his aristo threads and disguising himself as a peasant. Unfortunately, when he sets up in a peasant hovel in Shropshire, people get suspicious at the Vast amounts of food and other supplies. He starts ordering to be delivered to him. It doesn't take long for one of Richard's henchmen, James Tyrrell, to show up, arrest Buckingham and take him down to Salisbury in Wiltshire to face the king. On November 1st. He arrives, but Richard, who's in Salisbury, refuses to meet him in person. Instead, he orders that Buckingham be beheaded without trial. On Sunday 2nd November, All Souls Day, a particularly hallowed day in the church calendar, Buckingham Head is lopped off in Salisbury marketplace. He doesn't get to send a final message to Henry Tudor, who he was planning to put on the throne, but if he had done, it, would surely have read Henry Powell. You're on your own now.

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The gales that roar up in late October 1483, during Buckingham's Rebell are worse than anything anyone can remember. The wind flattens houses, kills cattle and wrecks fields of crops. There are flash floods which kill hundreds of people. It's chaos. It's bad enough on land, but at sea it's miserable, which is a problem for Henry Tudor, because just as the storms are whipping up, he's weighing anchor. The fleet of 50, 15 ships that have been lent to him by his erstwhile captor, Francis, Duke of Brittany. Henry's coming across the Channel, or trying to, at any rate, on the understanding that if he does so, he'll find the place up in arms and ready to accept him as a replacement for Richard iii. But that isn't quite how things are going for him. The sea is treacherous. The ships Francis of Brittany lent him are scattered as they try to make the crossing. Some are blown all the way back to the Breton coast, others end up in Normandy. By the time Henry's ship is in sight of the English coastline, he only has one from the rest of his fleet alongside him. Now, before we get to what awaits Henry on that English coast, I realise you may have a question. You might be wondering why on earth. Francis, Duke of Brittany, having spent so long keeping Henry Tudor as an honourable captive is now encouraging him to leave. Indeed. Not only that, Francis is actively helping him with ships and men, 5,000 of them, in fact. The answer simply is that Francis has the raging hump with Richard. His daughter was down to marry Edward V, and now that Richard has disappeared young Edward, the wedding bells will not be ringing. Francis wants revenge, and he's prepared to take it by playing the card he's held for all these years Henry Tudor. It's a big shift in strategy from Francis, but it's also a hell of a gamble, as Henry Tudor has just discovered. England has been invaded and captured three times since 1399 by Henry IV once and Edward IV twice. But it turns out it isn't as easy as it looks. And it nearly goes catastrophically wrong when Henry Tudor's two ships limp out of the storm and come within sight of the English coast. At Poole in Dorset, they see men waiting for them on the shore. Messages are exchanged and the welcome party give it some viva la revolution shtick. They've been sent from Buckingham, they say, and it'll give them the utmost pleasure to escort Henry in person to Rebel alliance hq. Henry is hardly networked into English politics. His mum has been doing all that on his behalf. But for some reason, he smells trouble. So instead of coming ashore in person, he decides to weigh anchor and head back across the Channel to Normandy. Like Eminem in 8 Mile. He knows you only get one shot. This isn't it. With Buckingham's head rolling in the dirt in Salisbury marketplace and Henry Tudor's ships heading back the way they came, the rebellion against Richard fizzles out. And in surviving it, Richard seems actually to have been strengthened. The Duke of Buckingham has gone full Sleepy Hollow, so he'll never have the chance to become Warwick the Kingmaker 2.0. The Old Die Hards, loyal to Edward IV and the Woodvilles, have blown their cover, so they now have to get out of the country fast or die. To capitalise on his survival, Richard makes a couple of canny plays. One is to pass a law offering poor people affordable access to the royal law courts, a populist move designed to reinforce his man of the people look. The second is to use the first parliament of his reign, in January 1484, to complete the political purge of the realm. He uses Parliament to legally condemn the supposedly illegal marriage of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, and state that he is the only legitimate king of the House of York. Then he passes dozens of acts of attainder, removing the lands and titles of a large number of his enemies. The Woodville males who haven't been killed are removed from the nobility. Bishop Morton of Ely has all his non church lands taken away. And Margaret Beaufort has all her possessions removed from her and transferred to her husband, Lord Stanley. That's a compromise Richard takes to avoid antagonizing the most powerful lord in northwest England. And Margaret can count herself lucky that it's not worse around him. Richard promotes a small hardcore of loyalists who've served him since his days as Duke of Gloucester, many of whom have abetted all the dirty work that got him to the throne. It looks for all the world like he and his little cabal are finally sitting pretty. Yet in a strange sort of way, if the failure of Buckingham's rebellion has strengthened Richard's hand, it's also strengthened Henry Tudor's. Or at least it's clarified his position and his options. It's clear that rehabilitation into the English nobility is now off the table forever. There will be no Earldom of Richmond, no happy marriage into the House of York as a peer of the realm. Instead, he's become the last hope of the Woodvilles and the old Edward IV circle. For them, everything now rides on Henry Tudor marrying Princess Elizabeth of York and offering an alternative to Richard as king. This is plan A, plan B and plan C. And they're going to do everything they can to make it happen. On Christmas Day, 1483, the exiled Yorkists join Henry Tudor in Van Cathedral in Brittany for an extraordinary ceremony. They swear homage to him as if he were already a king. In return, Henry makes a sacred oath to marry Elizabeth of York as soon as he becomes King of England. Exactly how this is all going to happen is a question left for another day. But one thing is now certain. Henry Tudor is going to come to England and topple the crooked regime of Richard iii. Or he's going to die trying. The last days of the Plantagenet monarchy are upon us. Find out how it all plays out when we return for our season finale. Next time on this Is History. I've said this once, so I'll say it again. There are three things that turn the wheels of history. Breezes, boners and booze. In Henry's case, all three have intervened to change the course of his life. But given his grandmother's predilections for a strapping Welshman, I. I want to ask my royal favorites. Do you think Henry Tudor had a claim to the English throne? Look out for producer Al's post on Patreon. That's patreon.com thisishistory hey, it's Ryan Reynolds

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Com Switch upfront payment of $45 for three months, $90 for six months, or $180 for 12 month plan required $15 per month equivalent to taxes and fees. Extra initial plan term only greater than 50 gigabytes. Me slow when network is busy. See terms.