Podcast Summary: This is History: A Dynasty to Die For Episode: Season 6 | 6. The Siege of Calais
Release Date: January 7, 2025
Host: Sony Music Entertainment
Historian: Dan Jones

Introduction

In this compelling episode of "A Dynasty to Die For," historian Dan Jones delves deep into the tumultuous period of the Plantagenet dynasty, focusing on one of its most significant and dramatic events—the Siege of Calais (1346-1347). This episode masterfully intertwines personal narratives, political intrigue, and military strategy to paint a vivid picture of medieval Europe during the Hundred Years’ War.

The Setting: Calais Under Siege

Dan Jones transports listeners to the marshlands near Calais, where Queen Philippa arrives at her husband, King Edward III's, extensive siege camp. The scene is bustling with activity, characterized by the clangor of rudimentary gunpowder weapons known as peau de fer or "iron pots."

Dan Jones [00:30]: "What's making all this sound and smoke are guns. Peau de fer. People call them iron pots... now he's playing around with it again. Not in a battle, in a siege."

The encampment, Villeneuve Lahadi ("the bold new town"), is described in meticulous detail, highlighting the harsh conditions endured by thousands of English soldiers and the strategic importance of Calais.

King Edward III’s Ambition

King Edward III emerges as a relentless and strategic leader, driven by ambition to expand his influence and secure a foothold in France. Following his decisive victory at the Battle of Crecy, Edward turns his attention to Calais, recognizing its symbolic and strategic significance due to its proximity to England and its potential as a commercial and military hub.

Dan Jones [11:09]: "Edward ploughs what seems like insane amounts of time, blood, sweat and money into besieging Calais. Yet he does so because he knows that it's a prize like no other."

Edward's strategy relies on attrition, aiming to starve the city into submission rather than relying solely on his nascent gunpowder technology to breach its formidable defenses.

The Role of Queen Philippa

Queen Philippa plays a pivotal role not just as Edward's consort but as a key influencer in his decision-making process. Her arrival at the siege camp during Christmas 1346 marks a turning point in the siege's progression.

When Edward sentences the six burghers of Calais to death for surrendering the city, it is Queen Philippa who intervenes, pleading for mercy and ultimately saving their lives. This act of compassion not only humanizes Edward but also cements Philippa's influential position within the Plantagenet dynasty.

Dan Jones [Timestamp Unavailable]: "When Queen Philippa hears Edward sentence the burghers to die, she throws herself dramatically onto her knees and pleads with him to have mercy... Edward relents and allows the burghers to escape with their lives."

Her intervention leads to the manor being seized and distributed among English merchants, including Philippa herself, showcasing the blend of mercy and pragmatism in Edward's rule.

The Aftermath: Calais Secured

The successful siege of Calais stands as a testament to Edward III's military prowess and determination. By establishing Calais as an English stronghold, Edward not only gains a strategic advantage but also sets the stage for further incursions into France.

The episode highlights the long-term implications of the siege, including its role in securing England's economic and military interests on the continent for over two centuries. Additionally, the Burghers of Calais incident becomes immortalized in art by Auguste Rodin, symbolizing human suffering and resilience.

Dan Jones [End of Transcript]: "Calais is more than just the inspiration for great art. It's a heavy blow struck by Edward against Philip VI. The town will remain in English hands for more than 200 years and will play a crucial role in the rest of the Hundred Years War."

Notable Quotes

• Dan Jones [00:30]: "Queen Philippa hears some strange sounds echoing over the bleak wetland... What's making all this sound and smoke are guns. Peau de fer."

• Dan Jones [11:09]: "Edward ploughs what seems like insane amounts of time, blood, sweat and money into besieging Calais... it's a prize like no other."

• Dan Jones [End of Transcript]: "Calais is more than just the inspiration for great art... It's a heavy blow struck by Edward against Philip VI."

Conclusion

This episode of "A Dynasty to Die For" offers a rich and immersive exploration of the Siege of Calais, highlighting the complex interplay of personal relationships, military strategy, and political maneuvering that defined the Plantagenet dynasty. Through detailed storytelling and insightful analysis, Dan Jones brings medieval history to life, providing listeners with a nuanced understanding of how these historical events continue to resonate in today’s world.

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