His Father's House

Or, The Son Knew Where He Belonged

In what is arguably the key verse in Luke, Jesus says, “For the Son of Many came to seek and to save the lost” (Luke 19:10). In this story, the Son of God is “lost,” at least to His earthly parents. They need to find Him, though He says He was right where He belonged.

Only Luke includes this story in Jesus’ life. It is also the only text of Scripture in which Jesus Himself speaks before He began His public ministry. Jesus is 12, on the front steps of manhood, an astonishing adolescent.

Why did Luke include it? So far angels have witnessed to the identity of Jesus, before and after His birth. Shepherds and strangers have witnessed to the identity of Jesus. And now Jesus Himself speaks about His identity. He knows who He is, where He belongs, who is Father is, and what He was supposed to be doing. It turns out pre-teens can know some things. This story is included so we can know about Jesus, and know those things for certain.

It was typical for Jewish boys to begin studying God’s Law in earnest around 12 years old heading toward Bar Mitzvah at 13, affirmed as a “son of the commandment” and so responsible to obey. This is a year before that, and Jesus shows a surprising amount of maturity and understanding. His behavior also reveals significant lack of understanding even from Joseph and Mary.

Lost - Not Where the Son Was Expected (verses 41-48)

Men in Israel were called to Jerusalem for three feasts every year: Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles. It's time for the Passover feast in the spring, and apparently Joseph and Mary made it their annual habit to go together. Whether or not they took their son with them on previous trips, Jesus came with them when He was twelve years-old.

They stayed until the feast was ended which meant staying for seven days. Then it was time to head home, but Jesus did not leave with them. It was a group trip, a caravan from Nazareth or at least the region. There were family members and friends. If they did not go through Samaria, the trip from Nazareth to Jerusalem was around 80 miles, about a four day journey at 20 miles per day. That's a lot of vulnerability, and going in a group made travel a bit more secure.

Luke doesn't say how many were in the group, but it was enough for a 12 year-old to get lost in. (They apparently didn't number off like we do for our Raggant Romps.)

Jesus certainly knew that the group was leaving. He'd have been with His parents every night, and they'd have discussed the plans. But in the morning as everyone had breakfast and made final packing choices, the boys must have been playing or doing something, and when the group started out Jesus stayed behind.

Joseph and Mary didn't concern themselves about it until finishing a full day of walking (verse 44). They assumed Jesus was just somewhere else in the caravan. But Jesus was not among them, and the relatives and acquaintances couldn't say where He was either. So in the morning they backtracked.

By the time they found Jesus it had been three days, counting day one out, day two back, on the third day found. And they found Jesus in the temple, sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions (verse 46). This is presumably then the third day of Jesus having the conversations. Why didn't He do this while the Passover activities were happening? What was He doing at night, and how did He fend for Himself in terms of things to eat and a place to sleep? He didn’t notice that Joseph and Mary were gone?

This may be the nicest way Luke talks about the religious leaders in the whole book. This is the only time he refers to them as teachers, and Jesus is conversing not condemning.

Everyone is impressed. They are amazed at what the boy knew and the answers He gave (verse 47).

But Mary doesn't ask how He got His understanding, she asks how He could not understand how she and Joseph are feeling? Son, why have you treated us so? (verse 48) “What have you done to us?” A son should know better. They've been worried about Him. It caused them great distress that they didn't know where He was. How can He be so insensitive, even disrespectful? They’ve been “anxiously looking” (NASB).

Found - Right Where the Son Belonged (verses 49-52)

There might be only one twelve year-old on the planet that could have replied the way Jesus replied and not have it be adding smart-aleck insult to injury. Kids: do not try this at church. We know Jesus did not sin, we see that His parents don't rebuke Him, nor do any of the "teachers." It's not sin, but it certainly is a kind of nerve. It looks aloof, though He's fully aware of where He belongs.

We’d expect a son to say something like, “Sorry, mom, I got lost in discussion, and sorry I didn’t tell you where I was.”

But instead He said, Why were you looking for me? This has to be rhetorical, not actual. He didn't think that they wouldn't care. Did you not know that I must be in my Father's house?

Mary had just said, “your father and I” were looking, and Jesus refers to His other Father.

There is also a translation question, though it's more interesting than solving. There is a missing word: “in the … of my Father it is necessary (for me) to be.” There's an article (dative plural), but no (dative plural) noun, and that expects something as understood. One way to understand it, as the ESV, is that Jesus knew He needed to be in His Father's house, so the Temple. Another way to understand it, so the KJV, is that Jesus knew He needed to be about His Father's business, as in, learning and teaching the things of Scripture.

Doing the ministry isn't dependent on a place, but being in a place isn't where Jesus stays either. His parents must have understood His words, though they did not understand the saying that he spoke to them.

Even knowing what we know now, this provokes more questions than it answers. Why now? Why not when He was 11? Or 13? Why does He go home with them after this? What did He do for the next 18 years?

Jesus apparently got up, and they apparently started walking, and He followed them home to Nazareth. He was submissive to them. It's not that He was rebellious by staying behind, but they weren't sure. We don’t hear from Him again until He’s 30.

As she did after the visit from the shepherds 12 years earlier (Luke 2:19), Mary treasured up all these things in her heart.

The last verse in the opening section of Luke's book summarizes the first 30 years of Jesus' life. Jesus kept on growing. This is clearly the human nature, since in His divine nature He was God. Here, in the Second Person of the Trinity in the flesh, He increased in favor with God.

Jesus was truly man. He grew. He was twelve and then He was thirteen. He didn't skip childhood, didn't fake adolescence. He lived at home with His parents until He was 30 (though because he’s not mentioned, it seems Joseph passed away sometime during these years). Jesus was truly God. No other boy could say, “My Father” like this. It’s the first explicit Christological self-disclosure on record. The Son knew where He belonged.

Conclusion

Mary got her first taste of Simeon’s prophecy (2:35), though there is more pain to come. The three days of searching were a quiet rehearsal for a much harder Friday-to-Sunday.

Two final comments:

You don’t have to be Jesus in order to learn more about and love and talk about and obey God’s Word when you’re 12. For that matter, you don’t have to wait until 30 to “do” ministry. You might not amaze your teachers with your understanding, but you are capable of increasing your understanding.

If you have “lost” Jesus, look in the Word. You will always find Him there.

Charge

Beloved, you can increase in wisdom and in stature and in favor with God and man. You can, and, by God’s grace, you will. Read your copy of God’s Word, read it again and again. Pray to your Father in heaven, pray day and night. Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord Jesus.

Benediction:

[May your] hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, to reach all the riches of full assurance of understanding and the knowledge of God’s mystery, which is Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. (Colossians 2:2–3 ESV)