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Emily
This is the White Coat Investor podcast, Milestones to Millionaire, celebrating stories of success along the journey to financial freedom.
Jim Dahle
This is Milestones to Millionaire podcast number 267. This podcast is sponsored by Bob Bayani of Protuity. He's an independent provider of disability insurance planning solutions to the medical community in every state and a longtime White Coat Investor sponsor. He specializes in working with residents and fellows early in their careers to set up, set up sound financial and insurance strategies. If you need to review your disability insurance coverage or to get this critical insurance in place, contact bobwhitecodeinvestor.com Protuity today by email infoorotuity.com or by calling 973-771-9100. All right, if you're listening to this, the day it drops, Today's your last day for this promotion. It's for Match Week, right? We're basically, if you will book a consult with the experts at student loan advice today, we will throw in a free co of our online fire your financial advisor, the resident version for free after you meet with the student loan advice consultant. The consultation doesn't have to occur today, you just have to book it today. So make sure you do that again. Go to studentloanadvice.com now. It's still worth it even if you don't get the freebie. But today you get both. So book that if you need some help with your student loans and making sure you have the right plan for you. Okay, WC Icon is coming up. I think this drops on the 23rd of March. So just a couple of days later, we're going to be at wcicon. We're in Las Vegas, but you don't have to come to Las Vegas if you don't want to. You can participate virtually. And if you use this code, WCICON100, you'll get $100 off that virtual conference attendance. So go to WCIEvents.com, use code WCICON100 and get that discount and we hope to see you there. Okay, stick around after this interview. We've got a great guest for today's interview, but stick around afterward. We're gonna talk for a few minutes about money market funds. Our guest today on the Milestones to Millionaire podcast is Emily. Emily, welcome to the podcast.
Emily
Thank you.
Jim Dahle
All right, well, you guys have accomplished something pretty awesome. Let's introduce you to the audience a little bit, though. Tell us about what part of the country you're in, what you and your spouse do for a living, where you're at in Your careers?
Emily
Yeah, we live in the upper Midwest. I am a nurse. I graduated and started in 2015. Being a nurse. My husband is a pathologist and he just finished training in November.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so you've been working as a nurse for the entire training period. Med school residency. Is there a fellowship too?
Emily
Two fellowships.
Jim Dahle
Okay, yeah, two fellowships. Yeah. It sounds typical these days. Okay, so you've been along for the whole ride, and you guys just hit a net worth milestone. Tell us what your net worth is.
Emily
Yeah, so we hit half a million dollar net worth right before he graduated Training.
Jim Dahle
Right before graduating from training. That's pretty awesome because he's just out a few months, right?
Emily
Yep. He's gotten two paychecks so far as an attending.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so we talked about this before we started recording briefly, but tell us what it was like to look at your bank account after the first one of those attending physician paychecks hit it.
Emily
I was very astonished. Sometimes they just send you money and you weren't expecting it. So it's been really cool to be able to have these very aggressive goals of paying off our loans and saving and investing and still have money left over after.
Jim Dahle
Yeah, but you guys have been working hard for a long time.
Emily
Yeah.
Jim Dahle
Because, you know, physicians in residency and fellowship, they don't make all that much money. Yeah, and nurses don't make all that much money either. It depends on what you do and how hard you work and so on and so forth. But you guys are not only don't have a negative net worth, you've got a half million at least. You had a half million when you applied for this podcast. It's a little bit more now. Tell us how you did that. What have you been doing for the last decade?
Emily
In med school, we didn't know anything at all about finances. We graduated with 6k in our bank account and like 17,000 in debt for school. And I didn't know anything. And while I was looking for a job, I just kind of started Googling around and I found Bogleheads. And from there I found White coat Investor and J.L. collins Stock Series. And I decided that one of us needed to know about finance. And since my husband was too busy filling his brain with med school, I decided that was something I could do while I looked for a job. So did that until I found a job. And from there, I met with the HR lady on my first day of work, and she said, okay, this is your 401k. Here's what it is. And I said, okay, well, how much money should I put in my 401. And she said, well, you can put 17,000. And I said, but how much should I put? And she said, as much as you can. I mean, we'd never had a job before other than like $10 an hour. And so we decided that we would just max it out. And we've just maxed out our 401 and Roth IRAs ever since then.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so you were working the whole way through med school.
Emily
Yeah.
Jim Dahle
Working full time.
Emily
Yeah.
Jim Dahle
And you said when you graduated, you had six figures in the bank account and, like, hardly any debt.
Emily
Only six grand?
Jim Dahle
Oh, six grand. I earned six figures. And I'm like, well, that's pretty awesome. Okay, so you cash flowed med school.
Emily
We cash flowed. Living expenses and any textbooks.
Jim Dahle
Okay.
Emily
We bought a car that was a junker, had a roommate while we were married.
Jim Dahle
That's awkward. All right.
Emily
Yeah, it was fine. We didn't know any different. We'd always lived with roommates. Right.
Jim Dahle
Depends on the roommate, I suppose. Right?
Emily
Yeah.
Jim Dahle
Okay.
Emily
And only one car. And we did take out 258,000 in his student loans.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so you did. You paid the tuition, it sounds like, with student loans. Mostly.
Emily
Correct. Yep.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so that was 2015. You came out and he started med school. Is that right?
Emily
Yep.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so where were you sitting in 2019 when you finished school?
Emily
Yeah, so in 2019, we had negative $160,000.
Jim Dahle
That was your net worth. Okay, so you'd been saving something. So kind of a balanced approach. What made you decide to invest as you went along instead of just going, let's see if we can just not borrow as much?
Emily
I had read some about pslf, and I also had read a lot about how physicians, when they come out of training, they. They're really behind in saving. And I was pretty convinced by the compounding interest charts that I found online that probably we should still be investing even though we were taking out debt. And we really have come out ahead because the market's been gangbusters and we had the COVID interest pauses. So even though we're not going to do pslf, we still did come on ahead, and I think we just were kind of lucky.
Jim Dahle
Well, I mean, you took a risk and the risk paid off. You know, those sorts of sensible risks usually, but not always pay off. I don't know that I'd borrow money at 10% and try to out invest it. But the student loans you were taking out in 2015-2019 were not at 10%.
Emily
No, they're like 6%.
Jim Dahle
Yeah. And plus they were 0% for about three and a half years in there while he was in training. Okay, so you come out of training in 2019. You know, you've got substantial student loans, you've got some assets already. Now all of a sudden he's making some money too. It's not a lot, but he's making money too. You more or less doubled your income, I assume. Something like that. What did you decide to start doing then? How did things change?
Emily
You know, he now had access to his 401k, so we maxed that out too. And then we started paying off his private student loans. He had about 12,000 of those that we wanted to pay off pretty aggressively. And then, you know, Covid happened about nine months later. So we paid off all the private loans and mostly just invested and did end up buying two cars along the way just because of car accidents. So we bought three cars in training. But we just kind of lived and tried to be happy day to day.
Jim Dahle
And what did you do with the student loans during the COVID pause?
Emily
Yeah, we paused them.
Jim Dahle
So you didn't make any payments?
Emily
No, we were pretty sure that we would do PSLF and we did not. So now we get to pay them all off.
Jim Dahle
You know that now. Now that you have the post training job. But all, all those other years counted, the residency and fellowship years counted. Right. Okay, so you came out. So when did you decide to pay them off? Was this recently or was this a couple of years ago or when did you decide we're not going to do PSLF anymore?
Emily
He signed for an attending job about a year and a bit ago. So once he had determined, Yep, that's when we decided, yep, we're going to pay him off.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so what have you done to pay them off so far?
Emily
Yeah, so we didn't really pay them in the end of fellowship because we needed to move twice just because our lease was a little off cycle. And then we just kind of started paying them off as soon as he got his first paycheck.
Jim Dahle
Okay, so you're just getting started paying them off. How much do you still owe in student loans?
Emily
Yeah, we have 239,000 student loans. Two thousand of that is from undergrad and the rest is med school. So we've paid off about 15k so far.
Jim Dahle
Nice work. And what are your other debts?
Emily
Yeah, our other debt is 19,000 in a car loan. And that's it.
Jim Dahle
And that's it. Currently renting. Owning where you're at in housing?
Emily
We're renting.
Jim Dahle
Renting right now. Okay. So you can pay off the cars. And it sounds like you're going to pay off the student loans. What's your plan to pay those off?
Emily
Just be aggressive and pay them off with a big shovel every month.
Jim Dahle
Just write a big check every month. How long you think it's. How long is it going to take you, you think?
Emily
Well, we're doing 20% of retirement, 20% of the student loan, which is like just over 5200amonth. And then he has bonuses that he's supposed to get at the end of the year. And I'm not exactly sure how much, but, like 90% of the bonus we're going to put in. So I think it'll take us about three years.
Jim Dahle
Yeah. So this is really cool because, I mean, you got a half million plus net worth while still owing a quarter million dollars in student loans and other debt because you've been so good about saving and investing along the way. And it sounds like most of this is inside retirement accounts.
Emily
Yeah, all of it. We have like 20k in cash, and the rest is just retirement accounts.
Jim Dahle
So what have you guys invested in?
Emily
Yeah, we have a three fund portfolio. So just index funds.
Jim Dahle
Very cool. Kept it nice and simple.
Emily
Yep.
Jim Dahle
Okay. All right. There's people out there like you were, you know, a decade ago, and they're like, oh, man, my spouse wants to go to med school and wants to do something that's going to take forever to learn how to do it. How can we still, you know, meet our financial goals? What. What advice do you have for that person?
Emily
I think the biggest thing is, like, realize that we're not. We're not poor. Like, my grandpa was a day laborer, and my dad was the first person in his family to go to college. Like, through training, we made between 73,000 and almost 200k last year. And that is, like, more than most people can dream of. So I think it's important to realize that most normal people are not making this much money and be realistic about the fact that, yes, you can do it. You can learn and have a growth mindset and feel kind of silly while you're learning. And that's what I did. But you can. You can do it.
Jim Dahle
Okay. Now, your income in the last couple of months has gone up dramatically. Your tax bill, as you'll soon learn, will also go up dramatically with it. You may not realize this until a year from April, but it's about to go up quite a bit. What are your plans for this additional income?
Emily
Pay off student Loans that should take about three years. We will be millionaires by 35, even at the current rate that we're investing, which is pretty cool. I was able to drop my FTE to I'm a 0.75 now, which is amazing. I've only ever worked full time as a nurse. We want to give more generously because I think that's a very good way to make sure that you don't feel like you lack any. Like you lack stuff. Right. If you're giving, then you know that you have enough for yourself and you have extra even. I want to travel with my husband now that he has all this time off, and then I have a kid probably in the next couple years.
Jim Dahle
Very cool. It's a lot of exciting plans.
Emily
Yeah.
Jim Dahle
I love talking to brand new attending families because it's like the world is their oyster and they're finally out of that training and they're making more money and they've learned how to manage it. It's just wonderful. Okay, well, take us back to some of these conversations you and your husband had about money over the last 10 years and how you arrange to get yourselves, if not on the same page, at least reading the book. And tell us about how you. How you were able to manage money together over, you know, some very different situations. Right. Attending hood and residency and. And during school. And give us a little insight into how you managed to do that successfully.
Emily
Yeah. So we got married like a month before Michael started med school, and we were like 22 years old and did not have a lot of practice with this. So it has been a little bit of growth, of learning how to engage and not come across as, like, aggressive or judgy. Right. So I think over time, just learning how to say, hey, honey, let's have a productive conversation that's more about, like, what are we doing? Well, what are we expecting to come up in the next few months? What are things that are important to us? We have always had 100% combined income because it wouldn't have been fair to him to have zero income while he was in med school, and it wouldn't be fair to me to have, like, way less later. So just working together and saying, okay, here's where we're at. What are your thoughts for this year? I think he probably would have been perfectly happy to let me just do all of it. So I kind of have had to say, hey, honey, just so you know, you have disability insurance now. I need you to sign this paper. But he, I think, really trusts me a lot. With it. And he has been much more willing to engage, especially as I wanted to be more positive in the way that I frame conversations.
Jim Dahle
Well, clearly you are trustworthy. I mean, obviously you should still manage money together, even if you're trustworthy. How did you become trustworthy when it comes to finances?
Emily
I listen to, like, every single podcast. I think I've listened to all of the white coat investor podcasts. I read a lot of books. I just, anytime I didn't know what was being spoken about, I would like pause and I'd just go look it up and read the quick little blurb of it, and then I could understand more as I went. And that's just part of my daily practice of I like to listen to things.
Jim Dahle
Well, Emily, you two have been super successful. You should be very proud of what you've done. We're very proud of you, and we're so appreciative of you being willing to come on and share your story so that others can do what you've accomplished and inspire them to do that. So thank you so much for being willing to come on.
Emily
Thank you. It's really nice to meet you and I really appreciate all the work that you guys have put out. It's helped us a lot.
Jim Dahle
It's our pleasure. That was a great interview. It's a lot of fun to see people having success and they're so excited. You know, they're getting their first couple of physician level paychecks and now they feel like there's money coming out of their ears. But the beautiful thing about this situation is that high income hit prepared hands, right? They've already been financially successful and now their income just, you know, doubled, tripled, quadrupled, whatever it is. I don't know exactly what pathologists are making these days. I didn't ask her what his new salary is. But my point is they already know how to manage money, and now there's a whole lot more money to manage. And so they're going to be super successful going forward. And, you know, the wonderful thing, though, is they've already got that giving attitude and recognize that, you know, they may not quite have it yet, but they will soon have more than they need. They will have more than enough. And to recognize that's an opportunity to affect the world around you is a pretty cool thing. All right, I mentioned at the beginning we're going to talk a little bit about money market funds, so let's do that. A money market fund is a very low risk way to invest. The best thing to really Compare it to is a savings account. It's a similar amount of risk you're taking on. When you invest in a money market fund, it's a cash investment. And the thing about a cash investment is the yield on it. The amount of income you're paid with it can vary over time as interest rates fluctuate, but your principal doesn't vary. You know, like with a bond, the value of the bond can go down. With the stock, the value of the stock can go down. That really doesn't happen with a cash investment like a savings account or a money market fund. A money market fund is a mutual fund, kind of like a bond mutual fund or a stock mutual fund, but it's a cash mutual fund. So it's lots of investors pooling their money together to get some economies of scale, daily liquidity and professional management. What does that fund invest in? It invests in very short term bonds. These bonds are often just a few weeks long or a few months long. But because they're so short term, their value doesn't fluctuate much. And that allows them to to basically offer you stability of principle, meaning you're not going to lose money in these things. There are various different kinds, right? The manager can invest into commercial or prime, sometimes it's called types of bonds, these very short term corporate bonds, for instance, that are a few weeks or a few months long. And that's typically called a prime money market fund. Vanguard used to have one of these. They haven't offered it in a number of years. Another type is a government or agency money market fund in which it only invests in short term securities from the government or agencies of the government. There can also be treasury money market funds. A Treasury one would only invest in very short term Treasuries. So you get some various tax advantages, right? If you're only investing in Treasuries, that's state income tax free. So you got to compare the yield on a prime or some other type of money market fund to the after tax benefit of investing in a Treasury money market fund. The treasury one's generally considered slightly less risky. I mean, all of these are not risky investments at all. But the treasury one's even less risky than you might get from a prime money market fund. The other type that people think about, especially white coat investors in high tax brackets, is a municipal money market fund. And in that case the manager is buying very short term municipal bonds that are weeks to months long. And so that income is generally federal income tax free. So the yield's going to be lower. Right. Instead of making 4%, you might make 2.5%. But if you're in a high tax bracket, your after tax yield might be higher in that municipal money market fund. So there's lots of different types here, but in essence it works like a savings account. You put your money in when you want the money, you get it right back out. Right? You can take your money out of the thing any day. The markets are open just like you can any publicly traded investment. And typically you'll link your bank account to it. You can do an ACH transfer back. You have your money in one or two days. It's very safe, it's very liquid. This is a good place for an emergency fund. This is a good place for the tax money you're going to have to pay on your next quarterly estimated tax payment in a month or three months. This is a good place for short term savings. If you're saving up a down payment, you're going to need an eight months or a year, a year and a half. A money market fund can be a good place for that. But that's what we're talking about. The alternative is generally a high yield savings account, not the savings account you get when you go down the street to the local credit union or bank and they pay you 0.1% a year. A high yield savings account. There are online banks that tend to offer high yield savings accounts, but most of the time you get a little bit higher yield from a money market fund than you do from a high yield savings account. That's not always the case. There are some periods of time when interest rates were 0% where you could get 1% out of a high yield savings account and you might only get 0.25% out of a money market fund. So there are times when a high yield savings account does have a offer a higher yield than a money market fund, but most of the time a money market fund gets a little bit of a higher yield. Now it does have a little bit more risk in one respect, which is FDIC insurance, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation that basically stands behind up to $250,000 invested in a bank. Money market funds do not get that insurance. Yes, there's a similar brokerage insurance that's called SIPC insurance, but it doesn't work the same way. Now just because it doesn't have that doesn't mean money market funds are risky. They're not risky because you got these very short term bonds in the fund that can be turned into cash very easily. So they're not dramatically more risky. But you don't have FDIC insurance, if that matters to you. Stick with the High Yield Savings Account. The main benefit, though, of that money market fund is liquidity and safety and convenience. Right? It's just really easy to use, especially if you already have a brokerage account or you already have a Roth IRA account at Vanguard or Fidelity or Schwab. They all have money market funds available there at the same place you already have a whole bunch of your money. Typically, you'll usually see Vanguard's yields being slightly higher than you can get at Fidelity or Schwab. And that's just mostly a function of how Vanguard runs a lot of the business at basically at cost. And so the yields tend to be slightly higher. But the fact remains, if you're at Fidelity or Schwab, you can get a very good money market fund there that will give you a nice yield that is better than you're going to get anywhere locally at your credit union or bank. Is it possible to lose money in a money market fund? Yes, it's possible. Nobody's ever actually done it, but it is theoretically possible. There was some worry about that in the global financial crisis. There have been some money market funds that lost a very small amount of money, like 1 or 2%. They were not aimed at retail investors. They served businesses. It is possible to lose money in a money market fund, but the likelihood of you losing money is very, very low. And certainly the likelihood of you losing a significant amount of money is very, very low. The bigger risk when you're investing in very Safe investments like CDs and savings accounts and money market funds is that your money won't keep up with inflation or won't grow as fast as you need it to because it's a safe investment. The returns long term, don't tend to be that good. But it's a very safe place to invest. The way you open it is you just go and open account at Schwab or Fidelity or Vanguard or wherever you just go online. You open an account online, you link it to your bank account, and you choose as your investment the money market fund. Now, a lot of times the default investment, like you go to Vanguard, their default investment is their treasury money market fund. If you transfer for money to Vanguard, that's where it goes. It goes into a money market fund until you decide to invest it somewhere else. But it's going to be a lot better place for you to have money if you're actually trying to earn a yield on it. If you're trying to get a return on your cash, this is a great place to have it. It's not quite as convenient to use as your checking account probably is. Most people aren't using it to have the direct deposit of their paycheck into there. They're not using it to write, you know, checks all the time, all month long out of their account. They're probably not linking their venmo and their PayPal account to it. You know, it's useful to have a checking account for those sorts of things, but for money that you don't need this week, next week, this month, but still want to keep in very safe cash, a money market fund is a perfect place to put that this podcast was sponsored by Bob Bayani at Protuity. One listener sent us this review. Bob has been absolutely terrific to work with. Bob has always quickly and clearly communicated with me by both email and or telephone, with responses to my inquiries usually coming the same day. I have somewhat of a unique situation and Bob has been able to help explain the implications and underwriting process in a clear and professional manner. Contact bob@whitecoatinvestor.com gratuity. You can email infoprotuity.com or you can just call 973-771-9100 to get your disability insurance in place today. This has been an episode of the Milestones to Millionaire Podcast, the podcast where we feature you and your stories to inspire others to also be financially successful so they can concentrate on what really matters in life. If you'd like to be a guest, go to whitecoatinvestor.com Milestones until then, keep your head up, shoulders back. You've got this. We'll see you next time on the podcast.
Emily
The White Coat Investor Podcast is for your entertainment and information only and should not be considered financial, legal, tax or investment advice. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. You should consult the appropriate professional for specific advice relating to your situation.
White Coat Investor Podcast – Milestones to Millionaire #267: $500K Net Worth Right After Training
Host: Dr. Jim Dahle | Guest: Emily
Release Date: March 23, 2026
This episode of the White Coat Investor’s "Milestones to Millionaire" podcast features Emily, a nurse from the Midwest whose family recently achieved a $500K net worth just as her husband, a newly minted attending pathologist, finished his medical training. The conversation focuses on their journey through med school, residency, and fellowships, their financial strategies, debt repayment plans, and the power of financial education and partnership. The episode wraps up with Dr. Dahle discussing the uses and mechanics of money market funds for high-income professionals.
"Sometimes they just send you money and you weren’t expecting it." (03:26, Emily)
“We’re not poor ... be realistic about the fact that yes, you can do it. You can learn and have a growth mindset and feel kind of silly while you’re learning. And that’s what I did. But you can.” (11:15, Emily)
“If you’re giving, then you know that you have enough for yourself and you have extra even.”
“Just working together and saying, okay, here’s where we’re at. What are your thoughts for this year?” (14:37, Emily)
“…Anytime I didn’t know what was being spoken about, I would like pause and I’d just go look it up and read the quick little blurb of it, and then I could understand more as I went.”
First Attending Paycheck:
“Sometimes they just send you money and you weren’t expecting it. So it’s been really cool to have these aggressive goals and still have money left over after.”
— Emily (03:26)
On Financial Mindset:
“We’re not poor ... be realistic about the fact that yes, you can do it. You can learn and have a growth mindset and feel kind of silly while you’re learning. And that’s what I did. But you can.”
— Emily (11:15)
On Joint Finances:
“We have always had 100% combined income ... just working together and saying, okay, here’s where we’re at. What are your thoughts for this year?”
— Emily (14:27)
On Charitable Giving:
“If you’re giving, then you know that you have enough for yourself and you have extra even.”
— Emily (12:32)
On Building Financial Literacy:
“I listen to, like, every single podcast ... anytime I didn’t know what was being spoken about, I’d pause and go look it up and read the quick little blurb of it...”
— Emily (15:00)
Explanation and Use Cases:
Quote:
“For money that you don’t need this week, next week, this month, but still want to keep in very safe cash, a money market fund is a perfect place to put that.” (25:05, Jim Dahle)
For show notes, financial tools, and more stories, visit whitecoatinvestor.com.