American History Tellers: The End of the Siege of Leningrad

Released January 27, 2025 by Wondery

Introduction to the Siege of Leningrad

The episode begins in late summer 1941, painting a vivid picture of Leningrad under the relentless assault of Nazi Germany. The narrator sets the stage:

"It's late summer, 1941, in Leningrad, the second largest city in the Soviet Union." ([00:09])

Leningrad, now the focal point of Hitler's campaign to cripple the Soviet Union, finds itself completely encircled by German forces. The city's strategic and symbolic importance as the birthplace of Bolshevism makes it a prime target for total destruction.

Maria’s Story: Evacuating Children

At the heart of the episode is Maria, a dedicated schoolteacher risking her life to save the children in her care. As German fighter planes dominate the skies, Maria navigates the perilous streets to lead the children to safety:

"Now Leningrad is under attack, and Maria is risking her life to evacuate the children in her care before the Germans." ([00:42])

Navigating through constant bombardment, Maria strives to bring the children to the train station, which serves as a temporary refuge amidst chaos. Her determination is palpable:

"Maria urges them back to their feet again." ([00:56])

Despite the relentless danger, Maria's resolve never wavers, highlighting the human spirit's resilience in the face of unimaginable adversity.

The Symbolic Performance of Shostakovich’s Symphony

Amidst the siege, a beacon of hope emerges through music. Orchestra conductor Carl Eliasberg prepares for a landmark performance intended to uplift the beleaguered city:

"Karl is preparing for the most important performance of his life." ([03:25])

Inspired by Dmitri Shostakovich's symphony "Leningrad," composed as a symbol of Soviet resistance, the performance aims to boost morale. Maria underscores the significance:

"They know the symbolism of the performance. And they're proud of their stubborn resistance." ([07:32])

The orchestra, though diminished and traumatized, delivers a powerful rendition despite ongoing artillery fire, embodying the defiance and hope of Leningrad's citizens.

The Battle of Krasny Bor

The narrative shifts to early 1943, detailing a critical military offensive led by Soviet Lieutenant General Vladimir Zveredov. His mission: to capture the strategically vital town of Krasny Bor and widen the corridor supplying Leningrad:

"General Sveridov knows that hundreds of thousands more Soviet civilians and soldiers will die of starvation if he fails." ([11:04])

The battle is fierce, characterized by intense artillery bombardments and brutal ground assaults. Maria narrates the harrowing combat:

"Dirt, ice and rubble fly into the air as the ground is ripped apart by explosions." ([12:00])

Despite formidable Spanish forces allied with the Germans, the overwhelming Soviet numbers eventually secure Krasny Bor, albeit at a significant cost:

"This battle of Krasny Bor will go down in history as one of the most vicious battles of World War II." ([13:43])

The Lifting of the Siege

The culmination of years of suffering arrives on January 27, 1944. Soviet General Leonid Gavrov Galvarov orchestrates a final, decisive offensive to liberate Leningrad. The city's liberation is marked by a dramatic display of military strength and public celebration:

"The siege of Leningrad is over and the city is free." ([16:34])

As the guns fire in celebration, the devastated yet resilient city rejoices. Maria reflects on the immense loss:

"No one knows for certain how many Soviet citizens and soldiers have been killed or died of sickness and starvation during the long months of the German assault." ([17:57])

The episode highlights the enduring legacy of Leningrad's defense, portraying it as a testament to Soviet perseverance and resistance.

Conclusion: Legacy of Leningrad’s Resistance

The episode concludes by situating the Siege of Leningrad within the broader context of World War II, emphasizing its symbolic and strategic significance. Maria ties back to the earlier themes of hope and defiance:

"In his symphony inspired by the city, composer Dmitri Shostakovich promised that, after all Leningrad's suffering victory would one day come. And he was right." ([18:16])

The successful resistance and eventual liberation of Leningrad serve as a powerful reminder of the human capacity to endure and overcome extreme adversity.

Notable Quotes

• Maria on Evacuation Efforts: "Maria urges them back to their feet again." ([00:56])

• Maria on the Significance of the Performance: "They know the symbolism of the performance. And they're proud of their stubborn resistance." ([07:32])

• Narrator on the Battle's Legacy: "This battle of Krasny Bor will go down in history as one of the most vicious battles of World War II." ([13:43])

• Maria on the Siege's Toll: "No one knows for certain how many Soviet citizens and soldiers have been killed or died of sickness and starvation during the long months of the German assault." ([17:57])

Final Thoughts

"The End of the Siege of Leningrad" offers a poignant exploration of one of World War II's most brutal sieges through personal stories and strategic military narratives. By intertwining Maria's harrowing efforts with pivotal battles and cultural symbols like Shostakovich's symphony, the episode provides a comprehensive and emotionally resonant account of Leningrad's resilience and ultimate liberation.

About American History Tellers

Hosted by Lindsay Graham (not the Senator), American History Tellers delves into the pivotal events, times, and people that shaped America. By uncovering the intricate connections between past and present, the podcast offers listeners a deep and engaging understanding of American history.

Listen to American History Tellers on the Wondery App or wherever you get your podcasts. Unlock exclusive content and enjoy episodes ad-free by joining Wondery+. Start your free trial today at wondery.com/links/american-history-tellers.