Welcome to This Week in Pediatrics. This week we are covering ten notable papers spanning critical advances in neonatal development and monitoring, novel interventions for complex congenital and genetic conditions, and the long-term trajectories of pediatric diseases into adolescence and young adulthood. Let us dive in. We begin in the neonatal intensive care unit, where balancing immediate thera…

This week's papers:

Associations between fentanyl exposure, gut microbiome and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. — Pediatric research 2026
Therapeutic hypothermia at 35 weeks' gestation: navigating controversy between randomized evidence, real-world practice, and shared decision-making. — Pediatric research 2026
Neonatal blood glucose monitoring using glucose estimation by phase delay between oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin. — Pediatric research 2026
Barriers and Facilitators of Inpatient Vaccine Delivery at US Children's Hospitals: A Qualitative Study. — Pediatrics 2026
Concordance Between Maternal and Infant COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccination Status. — Pediatrics 2026
Non-invasive removal of the Smart tracheal occlusion device for fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 1 study. — Lancet 2026
Mavacamten improves energy balance in a pre-clinical model of RASopathy-associated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. — Pediatric research 2026
Evaluation of the effect of CFTR modulator therapy on lipid profiles in children. — Pediatric research 2026
Biological aging and generational shifts in early-onset cancer risk. — Nature medicine 2026
Posttuberculosis Lung Disease in Adolescents in Lima, Peru. — Pediatrics 2026