Gallant American Women 39-10-31 01 These Freedoms

Summary

Podcast Summary: Harold's Old Time Radio – "Gallant American Women 39-10-31 01 These Freedoms"

Release Date: April 15, 2025
Episode Title: Gallant American Women 39-10-31 01 These Freedoms
Host/Author: Harold's Old Time Radio

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Introduction: Celebrating Pioneering American Women

The episode "Gallant American Women 39-10-31 01 These Freedoms" delves into the pivotal roles women have played in shaping the American way of life. From early settlers advocating for religious freedom to abolitionists fighting against slavery and champions of women's rights, the narrative highlights the enduring legacy of these courageous women. The program underscores how their sacrifices and perseverance have enshrined essential freedoms in the fabric of American society.

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Early Struggles for Freedom: Anne Hutchinson and Mary Dyer

Anne Hutchinson’s Quest for Religious Freedom

The episode begins by recounting the story of Anne Hutchinson, a determined woman in 1637 who challenged the rigid Puritanical norms of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Facing charges of heresy for holding women's meetings and discussing religion—a domain reserved for men—Hutchinson boldly defended her beliefs.

• Quote: "I have said only what I think is true." — Anne Hutchinson [02:59]

Despite being banished, Hutchinson's stand for religious freedom set a precedent for future generations. She led her family and followers to Aquidneck Island, where they established a colony that became the first to declare absolute religious freedom in America.

Mary Dyer’s Stand Against Persecution

Fast forward to 1660, Mary Dyer emerges as a key figure fighting against the persecution of Quakers in Boston. When faced with a draconian law mandating the death penalty for Quakers, Dyer courageously decides to defy the law by entering Boston to challenge it directly.

• Quote: "I must defeat their dreadful law, if not by my life, then by my death." — Mary Dyer [06:57]

Her martyrdom played a crucial role in swaying public opinion, leading to the repeal of oppressive laws and fostering a spirit of tolerance that would later be embedded in the U.S. Constitution.

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Abolitionist Movement and Women’s Rights

Lucretia Mott and the Formation of Anti-Slavery Societies

In the early 19th century, women like Lucretia Mott and Mary Dyer became instrumental in the abolitionist movement. Mott's efforts to organize women for anti-slavery causes faced resistance from established churches, highlighting the intersectionality of gender and racial struggles.

• Quote: "Right principles are stronger than great names." — Mary Dyer [13:16]

Angelina Grimke and Theodore Weld: A Union of Abolition and Love

Angelina Grimke, born into a plantation-owning family, chose to stand against slavery, aligning herself with abolitionists like Theodore Weld. Their partnership not only bolstered the movement but also set personal examples of solidarity and commitment.

• Quote: "If our principles are right, why should we be cowards?" — Mary Dyer [13:16]

Despite facing violent opposition, including the burning of the Hall of Freedom in 1838, Grimke continued to advocate for abolition and women's rights until her ability to speak publicly was suppressed.

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The Power of Speech: Sojourner Truth’s Rallying Cry

Sojourner Truth’s Impact on Women’s Rights

The episode highlights Sojourner Truth’s pivotal role at the women’s rights convention in Akron, Ohio, where her impassioned speech bridged the gap between abolitionism and women's rights. Truth's eloquence and personal narrative emphasized the inseparable nature of racial and gender equality.

• Quote: "And ain't I a woman?" — Sojourner Truth (as portrayed by Mary Dyer) [21:08]

Her speech not only stirred the audience but also marked a significant moment in the fight for universal liberty, demonstrating the profound impact of intersectional advocacy.

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Constitutional Freedoms and Ongoing Advocacy

Embedding Freedoms in the Constitution

The narrative ties the historical struggles of these women to the foundational freedoms enshrined in the U.S. Constitution, emphasizing that while the laws were drafted to protect liberties, it took relentless effort from these trailblazing women to ensure their enactment and longevity.

• Quote: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech..." — Vito Corleone (narrative voice) [24:06]

Continuing the Legacy: Women Today

The episode concludes by acknowledging the ongoing fight for equality and freedom, drawing a direct line from the early pioneers to contemporary advocates. It celebrates the relentless spirit of American women who continue to uphold and expand the freedoms for which their predecessors fought.

• Quote: "We must use our American birthright for freedom and liberty to preserve those things at home which make for peace abroad." — Eleanor Roosevelt [27:34]

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Conclusion: Honoring the Legacy of Gallant American Women

"Gallant American Women 39-10-31 01 These Freedoms" serves as a powerful homage to the women who have been instrumental in defining and defending the core freedoms of American society. Through dramatized narratives and poignant quotes, the episode brings to life the stories of Anne Hutchinson, Mary Dyer, Angelina Grimke, and Sojourner Truth, among others, illustrating their indispensable contributions to the nation's heritage of liberty and justice.

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Notable Quotes:

1. "I have said only what I think is true." — Anne Hutchinson [02:59]
2. "I must defeat their dreadful law, if not by my life, then by my death." — Mary Dyer [06:57]
3. "Right principles are stronger than great names." — Mary Dyer [13:16]
4. "We must use our American birthright for freedom and liberty to preserve those things at home which make for peace abroad." — Eleanor Roosevelt [27:34]
5. "And ain't I a woman?" — Sojourner Truth [21:08]

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Note: This summary excludes non-content sections such as advertisements and promotional segments to focus solely on the educational and historical narratives presented in the episode.

Transcript

[Vito Corleone]

Step into the world of power, loyalty and luck. I'm gonna make him an offer he can't refuse. With family. Cannolis and spins mean everything. Now you want to get mixed up.

[John Winthrop]

In the family business?

[Vito Corleone]

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[Narrator]

Prohibited by law 21/ terms and conditions apply.

[Eleanor Roosevelt]

Gallant American women.

[Narrator]

This is the story of women who have helped to develop the American way of life.

[Mary Dyer]

Daughters of destiny, co makers of history. Women whose names are written large upon the honor rolls of our nation's great women.

[Narrator]

Courageous, who have served and sacrificed, pioneered and persevered. Women whose names, deeds and claims to fame have often been overlooked.

[Eleanor Roosevelt]

This is their story. Three centuries of women whose deeds are rooted deep in our past and whose influence will reach far into the future. The story of the pioneer women of today who are blazing the TR tales of tomorrow. The United States Department of Education and the National Broadcasting Company take pride in presenting the first chapter in this epic tale of women in the Making of America. The story we bring you today tells the part women have played in building our great heritage of freedom. Freedom of worship, freedom of speech, freedom. Freedom of assembly.

[Narrator]

Early America itself faced the issue of freedom back in 1637. In a little wooden meeting house near Massachusetts Bay. A gray haired woman, mother of 14 children, faced a council of stern faced Puritan elders.

[John Winthrop]

Anne Hutchinson, you are charged with troubling the peace of this colony on three counts. Firstly, you have held meetings of women in your home, a thing not fitting for your sex.

[Anne Hutchinson]

But Governor, we.

[John Winthrop]

Secondly, you have dared to speak to them about religion, a subject reserved for the minds of men. And thirdly, you have expressed opinions contrary to the teachings of our minister. A sin of heresy.

[Anne Hutchinson]

I have said only what I think is true.

[John Winthrop]

What do you think a woman is not supposed to think, let alone try to teach other women.

[Mary Dyer]

Then if it's wrong for me to.

[Anne Hutchinson]

Teach women, why do you call me here to teach the court?

[John Winthrop]

Master Hutchinson, have you no power over the unruly tongue of your wife?

[Vito Corleone]

I believe in my wife in all she thinks, in all she says, and in all that she is. She's a dangerous radical, that's what she is. Traitor of heresy. She's a dear saint and a servant of God.

[John Winthrop]

Anne Hutchinson, for the last time, I give you a chance to recant. If you refuse, you will be cast out of this colony as Roger Williams was cast out.

[Mary Dyer]

I shall never recant. I believe that we should all be.

[Anne Hutchinson]

Free to worship as we choose.

[John Winthrop]

It is the opinion of this court that for her troublesomeness of spirit and the dangers of her cause, Mistress Anne Hutchinson, be banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a woman not fit for our society. If there be any elder present who thinks our sister should not be cast out, let him speak then, Reverend Wilson.

[Vito Corleone]

In the name of the Lord and the church, I do cast you out. I deliver you up to Satan as a heathen and a publican, so to be held by all of the brothers and sisters of this congregation. Therefore, I command you in his name, to withdraw yourself as a leper out of this church. Freedom of worship, freedom of assembly, freedom of speech.

[Narrator]

Into the wilderness went Anne Hutchinson, a refugee, in search of these freedoms. And with her went her husband and her followers, about 30 families of them.

[Mary Dyer]

Southward to the island of Aquidneck, in the tolerant region of Roger Williams settlement. There Anne Hutchinson established her colony, and there the citizens voted for the first declaration of absolute religious freedom ever made in America.

[Anne Hutchinson]

Ordered that none shall be.

[Mary Dyer]

Counted the delinquent for doctrine.

[Narrator]

At Quidneck. And Providence welcomed refugees of every creed and sect. Herne, the mystic, Doughty, the Presbyterian, and a quiet Quaker woman named Mary Dyer.

[Mary Dyer]

1660. And now to Mary Dyer comes word of danger. New danger to tolerance and freedom.

[Vito Corleone]

Mary. Mary.

[John Winthrop]

Boston has started another war of persecution. Every Quaker who sets foot inside the city is to be punished with death.

[Mary Dyer]

Death? Ay.

[John Winthrop]

They've been lopping off the ears of.

[Vito Corleone]

Quakers and burning their tongues with red hot irons.

[John Winthrop]

And now this.

[Mary Dyer]

William, I must go to Boston. I must put their bloody law to the test.

[Vito Corleone]

You, my own dear wife.

[Mary Dyer]

No.

[Vito Corleone]

No, Mary.

[Mary Dyer]

William, thou hast always agreed that I should follow the dictates of my own conscience, even when it bade me leave thy faith and turn Quaker. Now that conscience bids me to go to Boston.

[John Winthrop]

Mary, those fiends might actually kill you.

[Mary Dyer]

Perhaps if they do, that will put an end to persecution. I must defeat their dreadful law, if not by my life, then by my death.

[Vito Corleone]

Mary Dyer, why did you come into our city of Boston when you knew there was a law banishing Quakers?

[Mary Dyer]

I come to bear witness, Governor Endicott, to the inner light of God in all men's hearts.

[Vito Corleone]

Your accursed doctrine. Why must you bring it here? Why not go into the wilderness to establish your faith? We did that for ours because we loved it better than friends and home and England. All we ask now is that we may keep it pure. We don't desire your death. Your honor, I object. Reverend Wilson, you may not desire her death, but I. I will carry fire in one hand and faggots in the other to burn all the Quakers in the world. Mistress Dyer, have you anything to say before this court passes sentence upon you?

[Mary Dyer]

I ask that you repeal this dreadful law before it is too late.

[Vito Corleone]

No. She must die. Let us put it to a vote. Is there any man among you who advises clemency because she is a woman? Then Mary Dyer, hearken to your sentence. You shall be cast into jail tonight and tomorrow morning you shall be taken to the Big Elm on Boston Common and hanged until you are dead. Tie the rope fast to the limb. Mistress Dwyer, by coming to Boston you have broken the law. You are now therefore guilty of your own blood being shed.

[Mary Dyer]

Nay, I came to save you from guilt. I hope that by looking your law in the face I might force you to abolish it.

[Vito Corleone]

Foolish women. Give over your will and you may yet live.

[Mary Dyer]

Nay, I cannot. For I came in obedience to the Lord's will, and in his will I stand even unto death.

[Vito Corleone]

Let her die. Look how she hangs there. Like a flag.

[John Winthrop]

Aye, like a banner of victory.

[Narrator]

It was a victory that death of Mary Dyers. It so roused public opinion against the law that the government was forced to repeal it.

[Mary Dyer]

Hatred then proceeded. Persecution began to fade from the American scene, making way for a spirit of tolerance such as the world had never known before.

[Narrator]

And when the new nation was being formed, tolerance was written into the Constitution as one of the citizens inalienable rights.

[Vito Corleone]

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble.

[Narrator]

But it was one thing to write these freedoms into the laws of our country, another thing to make them live. Other men and women were to carry on the work begun by Router Williams, Anne Hutchinson and Mary Dyer. Women with men using the press, speech and assembly to gain greater freedom for America.

[Mary Dyer]

1833 in Philadelphia, Far seeing men have formed the first anti slavery society. A few weeks later, a Quaker woman named Lucretia Mott calls a band of women together for the same cause.

[Narrator]

But now, when it comes to conducting the meeting of the female society, I.

[Mary Dyer]

Regret to say that since we are women and have never had any experience in parliamentary procedure, we find it necessary to call a man to preside. But I am happy to say that this man who knows so much more than we do about such matters should be one of that persecuted race we mean to set free. Mr. James McCrummel.

[Vito Corleone]

I thank you ladies, for this honor. Only one like myself who was born a slave can know what a great honor. Tis what a great thing you're doing for my people. May the good Lord bless you for it.

[Narrator]

But the churches were not so benevolent when Lucretia Mott approached them seeking a meeting place for her Anti Slavery society.

[Vito Corleone]

I'm sorry, Mrs. Mop, but our church cannot sanction a society of females unless it is under the jurisdiction of the male elders. Our church does not approve of this new attitude of the women, this bold freedom.

[John Winthrop]

Holding meetings and speaking against slavery.

[Vito Corleone]

Abolition is a dangerous subject. You have none of the substantial citizens behind you, no important names on your list of members.

[Mary Dyer]

Right principles are stronger than great names. If our principles are right, why should we be cowards? Why should we wait for those who have never had the courage to maintain the inalienable rights of the slaves?

[Narrator]

Women working for freedom. Thinking, organizing, writing, speaking.

[Mary Dyer]

1835. Again from Boston comes word of danger. Danger to the anti slavery cause. To freedom of speech, to freedom of the press.

[Vito Corleone]

Today a mob of rioters broke into a meeting of the Female Anti Slavery society in Boston. 8,000 men driving 20 women into the street. They threatened to tar and feather an abolitionist speaker and to lynch William Lloyd Garrison if he persists in publishing his anti slavery paper, the Liberator.

[Mary Dyer]

This time it was a Southern woman who stood ready to champion the cause of freedom. Angelina Grimke, daughter of wealthy plantation owners who had freed her own slaves and moved north to join in the struggle. If persecution is the means which God has ordained for the accomplishment of this great end, emancipation, then in dependence upon him for strength to bear it, I say let it come. For it is my deep, solemn, deliberated conviction that this is a cause worth dying for.

[Narrator]

That declaration.

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[Narrator]

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[John Winthrop]

Terms and conditions apply.

[Narrator]

Christian the Liberator launched Angelina Grimke as a leader in the abolition Movement. Soon she was addressing public meetings of men and women, claiming greater freedom of speech than any woman since the birth of the nation. And her persecution came too.

[Vito Corleone]

Shame upon her, speaking aloud before men. She's a menace to public morals.

[Mary Dyer]

She's just trying to show off.

[Vito Corleone]

The Bible commands women to be silent. Public platforms ain't no place for a female. She ought to stay to home.

[Mary Dyer]

Press, pulpit, public opinion, all were against her. Still, Angelina Grimke kept on speaking while her audience grew. Men came to scoff and stayed to listen. Women stirred with new feeling for freedom and a new pride in their sex. I can't believe that God ever meant woman to be subject to man. This is just another form of slavery. We should be free to speak.

[Vito Corleone]

I object. This is an abolition meeting. The woman question is irrelevant. Mr. Garrison, I appeal to you.

[John Winthrop]

The woman question, so far as it respects her right to speak when her conscience demands it, is not irrelevant, but one it is perfectly proper to discuss in meetings devoted to freedom. And I, for one, am determined.

[Narrator]

But there were other abolitionists who differed from William Lloyd Garrison. Theodore Wells, the one whose opinion Angelina valued most highly.

[Theodore Weld]

I wish you would drop the woman question, Ms. Kremke. If you'd speak only for the Negroes.

[Mary Dyer]

I'm free to speak of whatever I choose, Mr. Wells.

[Theodore Weld]

Of course. And by demanding that right, you're helping to establish that freedom. Why, you're opening a public platform of our country to the men as well as to the women. Well, well, but just the fact that you are speaking is revolution enough. Now, if you bring in the woman.

[Mary Dyer]

Crossing, I suppose you believe that women should keep silence.

[Theodore Weld]

That's not true. It was hearing you speak, your very first lecture, that made me fall in love with. With you.

[Mary Dyer]

Fall in love?

[Theodore Weld]

Surely you know how I feel. I. I don't suppose this is quite the time to say it when you're so angry, but, Ms. Grimke, I should be most honored if you would become my wife.

[Mary Dyer]

Well, I. Well, Mr. Well, for the first time in my life, I. I don't know what to say.

[Narrator]

Angelina Grimke and Theodore Weld were married on May 14, 1839, the day of the opening of the new anti slavery hall in Philadelphia.

[Mary Dyer]

A hall dedicated to freedom, built by the abolitionists who had found churches and lecture rooms closed to them. On the opening day, Theodore Weld sent a letter.

[Theodore Weld]

God grant that your hall may be free. Indeed, the empty name is everywhere. Free government, free men, free speech, free schools, free churches, hollow counterfeits, all free. It is the climax of irony and its million echoes. Or hisses and jeers even from the earth's end. Free blotted out words are the signs of things. The substance is gone. Let fools and mad and clutch the shadows.

[Narrator]

Two days later, May 16, 1838, 3,000 people are gathered in the hall of Freedom to hear speeches by William Lloyd Garrison and Angelina Grimke Wells.

[Mary Dyer]

What is a mob? What would the destruction of this entire hall mean?

[Narrator]

Any evidence that we are wrong?

[Anne Hutchinson]

No doors giving way.

[Mary Dyer]

If we shrink in this time of peril, we are not fit to fight for freedom. I thank the Lord that the voice of liberty can still be heard about this planet.

[Narrator]

On May 17, 1838, three days after its opening, the hall of Freedom was burned to the ground. And though Angelina Grimke came through the ordeal alive, she was never able again to speak in public.

[Mary Dyer]

But the voice of liberty could not be stilled. Other women claiming the same freedom of speech took up the cry.

[Narrator]

In New England, Abby Kelly, sacrificing a teaching position to donate her services to the anti slavery cause. Lecturing to mixed audiences of men and women, stoned, pelted with rotten eggs, attacked by the clergy. Still she spoke.

[Mary Dyer]

And then, 1851, another woman's rights convention is meeting in a church at Akron, Ohio. Suddenly, a tall, ancient Negro woman marches down the aisle and seats herself on the Pope's.

[Narrator]

For hours she listens while men argue against women's rights to equality. She sees the woman's cause threatened with defeat, hears members whispering to their chairman. Our whole convention is a failure, Mrs. Gage.

[Mary Dyer]

We can never win against those men's arguments.

[Vito Corleone]

Women haven't enough intellect to share in the rights of men any more than the Negroes have. If God had not claimed to be equal with men, he would have made the savior a woman. Women are too ridiculous.

[Narrator]

Look, Mrs. Gaines, they don't.

[Mary Dyer]

She's coming up on the platform.

[Narrator]

Don't let her speak.

[Mary Dyer]

It'll ruin it.

[Narrator]

They're missing her. Every newspaper in the land will have.

[Mary Dyer]

Our cause mixed up with abolition. Negroes.

[Anne Hutchinson]

Please, ma'am. Please, ma'am, can I say something?

[Narrator]

Quiet. Quiet, please. This woman requests your courteous attention and.

[Anne Hutchinson]

The American privilege of freedom of speech. My name. My name's Sojourner Truth. I didn't have no name of my own, so I done picked that one. I means to go about our land and soldier in places and tell the truth and chillin. Why, there's so much racket and argifying, there must be something out of kilter. That man over there says. He say women's needs to be helped in the carriages and to have the best places ever. Place never was. Nobody ever helps me or gives me the bestest place. And neither woman. Look at me. Look at my arm, the muscles in it. I can work as well as a man and battle lash as well. I born with 13 children and see the most also off to slavery. And when I cried out with my mother's grief, nobody but Jesus had me. And ain't I a woman? Then that man yawned in the back. He talks about this thing in the hate. What was it he called it? Intellect. Well, what that got to do with women's rights? Or negro's rights? If my cup won't hold but a pint and your won't hold a quart, wouldn't you be mean not to let me have my little half measure full? Isn't that little minister man you say women can't have as much rates as the men's cause the savior ain't a woman. Why did your savior come from? Where did he come from? From God and a woman. Man didn't have nothing to do with him. And you there that blames all your troubles on mother Eve isn't the fussest woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all by herself. And all these young women together ought to be able to turn it right side up again. And nowadays asking to do it, the men better let em.

[Narrator]

Sojourner Truth saved the day for that woman's rights convention. A negro woman using her freedom of speech to gain greater liberty for all women. We have come a long way since that day in 1637 when Anne Hutchinson was driven from Massachusetts Bay for claiming freedom of speech, assembly and worship.

[Vito Corleone]

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

[Narrator]

1939. In a little Midwestern town, a country storekeeper leans across the counter to greet a customer.

[Vito Corleone]

Morning, Mrs. Klein. Mighty nice day we're having.

[Mary Dyer]

Yeah, sure. Always it is a nice day here in America. And always you talk like a good friend to me. Oh, you are so kind.

[Vito Corleone]

Shucks, that ain't nothing. All the folks here of ours is friendly like once you get to know them. You and Mr. Klein ought to drop around to the forum tonight, get acquainted.

[Mary Dyer]

Forum? Vasistas. What is that forum?

[Vito Corleone]

It's a meeting down at the schoolhouse. Teacher fellow from government takes charge. We all talk things over the arms and bamboo and taxes and things like that.

[Mary Dyer]

And all people can come. It does not matter what religion we are.

[Vito Corleone]

What's religion got to do with it? This ain't no revival meeting. It's a forum to discuss important questions.

[Anne Hutchinson]

And the women, they can come and talk too, too.

[Vito Corleone]

I'd like to see anybody try to stop them. Why, my wife is one of the talkingest people there. She says that the only way we can hang out of these freedoms we've got is by using them. Well, she sure uses that one. You know how it is. Tie a woman's tongue in the middle and it wags at both ends.

[Mary Dyer]

Oh, you are so happy, you Americans. Always you laugh and to make jokes.

[Vito Corleone]

Well, I reckon we ain't got much to kick them off. Even if the government does tax the hide off in us sometimes.

[Mary Dyer]

No, no, no, no. You must not say such things.

[Vito Corleone]

Why, what's the matter?

[Mary Dyer]

Maybe someone should hear you talk against the government.

[Vito Corleone]

See, I guess you forget you living in the usa. We can use our freedom of speech so long as we don't abuse it. Why, shucks, I'd say the same thing to President if I met him on the street.

[Narrator]

You would?

[Vito Corleone]

Sure thing. Say, you'd better drop around to that forum. Learn what a free country is.

[Mary Dyer]

A free country? Oh, I cannot believe it. Oh, this America. Everybody here so good to us, so kind. Maybe someday we. We can do something to thank this great big free America. I am so happy.

[Narrator]

1939. A world torn between peace and war. Again to America comes word of danger. Danger to life, happiness and civil liberty.

[Mary Dyer]

And again men and women rally to defend the cause of freedom. What can we do? They ask, to save the world from war and maintain these freedoms.

[Narrator]

And from one of today's gallant American women comes the answer from the first lady of our land, to quote from my day by Eleanor Roosevelt.

[Anne Hutchinson]

We must use our American birthright for freedom and liberty to preserve those things at home which make for peace abroad. We must make democracy work. We must demonstrate that men and women can be trusted to use their freedoms for the good of their country. This is as much a war for the control of ideas as for the control of material resources. We must preserve the ideas and ideals upon which our forefathers founded this nation.

[Eleanor Roosevelt]

You have heard the first of a series of programs entitled Gallant American Women. Next week's program will tell of women and peace. And now for an important announcement. With the cooperation of the Columbia University Press, we are prepared to send you booklets containing a complete reproduction of today's broadcast to receive this important booklet, simply send 10 cents to Gallant American Women, Washington, D.C. may I repeat that address? Gallant American Women, Washington, DC simply enclose 10 cents to cover cost of handling and mailing and a note saying, please send me the Gallant American Women publication these freedoms Gallant American Women An NBC Public Service Feature is a series of radio dramatizations prepared and presented by the United States Office of Education with the cooperation of the Women's Division of NBC and with the assistance of the Work Projects Administration. Script by Jane Ashman Program Supervisor Eva Hansell Research Counselor Mary Beard Original music by Rudolph Schramm this is the National Broadcasting Company.

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