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The Parthenon remains one of the greatest architectural achievements in human history. But what did it really cost?

In this episode of History Shorts, we explore the Age of Pericles—the remarkable period that transformed Athens into the cultural center of the ancient world. Democracy flourished, philosophers challenged old ideas, playwrights reshaped theater, and magnificent temples rose above the Acropolis. Yet this golden age rested on imperial tribute collected from Athens' allies, an economy sustained by enslaved labor, and a society that denied political rights to women.

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