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Study and play come together on a Windows 11 PC. And for a limited time, college students get the best of both worlds. Get the unreal college deal everything you need to study and play with select Windows 11 PCs. Eligible students get a year of Microsoft 365 Premium and a year of Xbox Game. Pass ultimate with a custom color Xbox wireless controller. Learn more@windows.com studentoffer while supplies last ends June 30th. Terms at aka mscollegepc this summer, Prime
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Video takes you back before Legally Blonde, before law school and into the world of Elle woods in high school. Set in 1995, this Gemini vegetarian knows exactly who she is until her family moves from Bel Air to Seattle. Packed with iconic fashion, 90s nostalgia and a throwback soundtrack, Elle proves one law school was hard. High school was harder. From the world of Legally Blonde, watch Elle, a new original series only on Prime Video. July 1.
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General George Washington stood on the southern tip of Manhattan island and looked out at Lower New York Bay with a growing sense of worry. More British ships were dropping anchor near Staten island. At last count, 45 ships had arrived. They were the ships of British Commander in Chief William Howe, and they were just the first wave of ships which would arrive in New York that summer. The summer of 1776. As Washington watched, he knew his defenses and his soldiers were in trouble. He had been commander in chief of colonial forces for one year. In that time, his men had not had a real fight with the British army. Now everyone knew it was coming. It had been easy to deduce that the first theater of a full scale war would be New York. When General Howe and all of his soldiers had evacuated Boston three months earlier in March 1776, colonial officials and military leaders knew the British would return. They knew the evacuation was not the end of the conflict. It was just the end of the beginning. And colonial leaders knew that when the British returned, the they would not go back to Boston. The next logical choice was New York. Over the course of six weeks, from late June to early August of 1776, the arrival of British ships caused worry and then fear and then astonishment. The famous Spanish Armada, which had frightened Europe so badly in the summer of 1588, was made up of 197 ships. The British Armada, which ferried troops into Lower New York Bay in the summer of 1776, was made up of 400 ships. The ships carried an army of 25,000 soldiers who were a mix of British regulars, Scottish Highlanders and Hessian auxiliaries from Germany. One colonial soldier from Maryland who watched the never ending parade of arrivals said it looked like all of London was afloat. The soldier wasn't alone in his thinking. George Washington was equally concerned. In May of 1776, a month before the first British ships arrived, Washington wrote a letter to his brother in which he confessed. We expect a very bloody summer, and I am sorry that we are not either in men or arms prepared for it. Washington's force in New York numbered about 10,000. A few months earlier, most of Washington's soldiers had been farmers or merchants. They had signed on in January to serve with the Continental army for one year. At that time, the army had been in the middle of the siege of Boston. The Continentals had kept thousands of British soldiers trapped in Boston for months until British Commander Howe evacuated the city in March. As a result, most of George Washington's troops had never fired a shot at the British or been fired at by the British. That would change in August when the British invaded New York. The British would swarm over Long island and through the town of Brooklyn. They would swarm over Manhattan island and up through the Bronx and Yonkers and White Plains on mainland New York. They would flood into Connecticut and New Jersey with eyes on the colonial capital of Philadelphia. And by November 1776, it would look like the experiment with independence for 13 rebellious colonies would not survive the end of the year. General George Washington would need a miracle if his battered, starving, threadbare army of citizen soldiers were going to have any hope of continuing the fight against the most powerful army in the world. But Christmas was a time of miracles, and desperate times called for desperate measures. By Christmas, George Washington could not wait for a divine helping hand to intervene. If he needed a miracle, he. He would have to make one on his own. From Black Barrel Media, this is Legends of the Old West. I'm your host, Chris Wimmer, and this season we're telling an American frontier story in honor of America's 250th birthday. It's the story of six battles which defined the Revolutionary War and and saved American hopes for independence. This is episode one, a Christmas Miracle. Twenty years before, George Washington watched the British army arrive in New York to battle his upstart army of colonists. Washington was fighting with the British army. He followed in the footsteps of his older brother Lawrence and and gained an officer's commission in the Virginia militia. Washington served with distinction in the North American theater of a war between the British, the French and the Spanish. The war actually started in North America with disputes over boundaries between French and British colonies in North America. It became known as the French and Indian War, and the overall conflict was called the Seven Years War. When a peace treaty was signed in 1763, the British still held their colonies on the east coast of North America. The French held much of Canada and had taken what would become the entire middle third of the United States from Spain. Spain claimed the western third of the future United States, as well as Mexico and much of Central and South America. Almost as soon as the ink was dry on the peace treaty, problems started between the British government and the British colonies in North America. Parliament did not believe the colonists carried their share of the load during the war. Parliament thought the colonists should have contributed more soldiers, supplies and money to the war effort. The colonists said it wasn't their duty to fight a war. That was the job of the British army. The colonists were farmers and merchants, not soldiers. The friction started there and grew worse over the next 10 years. Between 1764 and 1774, To pay its enormous war debt, Parliament updated existing taxes on the colonies and created new taxes. Each new tax initiative drew protests from the colonists. Over time, the protests became louder and more physical, and then violent. British troops started arriving back in the colonies. In October 1768 and 14 months later, in January 1770, a mob of colonists clashed with British soldiers in New York in what became known as the Golden Hill riot. Two months later, on March 5, 1770, a simple errand led to a spontaneous protest and a deadly encounter in Boston. A young wigmaker's apprentice got into an argument with a British soldier over an unpaid debt. The soldier struck the apprentice with his musket. Word of the altercation spread fast, and 300 people gathered in protest. They confronted a squad of British soldiers and pelted the soldiers with snowballs and other objects. One of the soldiers ended up firing his musket, which led to the rest of the soldiers firing their muskets. The barrage killed five civilians and injured six more. The confrontation became known as the Boston Massacre, and Boston increasingly became the center of protest against King George and Parliament. Two and a half years later, on December 16, 1773, members of the revolutionary group, the Sons of Liberty slipped onto three ships in Boston harbor, which were owned by the East India Company. The protesters dumped 340 chests of tea into the water in an event that became known as the Boston Tea Party. Three months later, in the spring of 1774, Parliament retaliated against Boston and Massachusetts. Parliament closed the port of Boston, which devastated the local economy, and replaced all local government officials with British officials who were loyal to Parliament, not the colonists. That move led to the first debate about independence for the colonies and within seven months, the first bloody conflicts between colonial militiamen and British soldiers. On September 5, 1774, 56 delegates representing 12 of the 13 colonies which would eventually declare their independence met in Philadelphia to debate the situation. George Washington was one of the delegates from Virginia. Some of the 56 delegates of the First Continental Congress argued for immediate independence. Others urged a more cautious approach, and in the end they compromised. Instead of declaring independence, they issued a warning. Unless Parliament made a series of changes, the united colonies would boycott British goods. Parliament's response was to instruct General Thomas Gage to take action. General Gage had been installed as the new royal governor of Massachusetts when Parliament replaced all local officials a year earlier. He was also the commander of all British troops in the colonies, and now, In April of 1775, Parliament instructed him to do something In a classic bit of political plausible deniability. Parliament didn't specify what Gage should do, just that he should take some sort of action. Four days after Gage received the response, he decided on his action. He mobilized some troops to seize a store of weapons and gunpowder which which was rumored to be on a farm near Concord, Massachusetts, about 15 miles outside Boston. Colonial spies learned of the mission, and Boston colonists William Dawes and Paul Revere rode through the night to warn communities in the region of British troop movements. The next morning, war between the colonies and the Crown became inevitable.
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I wrote a little song to remind you. Choice hotels get you more of the experiences you value. The Cambria Hotel's got it all. A rooftop bar. Have a ball. Bring a date, your squad, or even your mom. Book direct@ChoiceHotels.com on the road between Boston and Concord, 800 British soldiers marched into the village of Lexington. At about 5am they were confronted by 70 to 80 colonial militiamen who had hastily gathered on the village green. Someone fired a shot, no one knows who, and the British responded with a volley of musket fire. The volley killed seven colonial militiamen immediately, and another died later of his wounds. Two hours later, the British force approached Concord. Roughly 400 colonial militiamen resisted the 800 British soldiers outside Concord. In the exchanges of gunfire, the colonists killed three soldiers, wounded nine more, and and forced the entire group to retreat without ever reaching the farm which held the weapons. Militiamen sniped British soldiers all the way back to Boston, and while the British unit worked its way back to the safety of its headquarters in the city, the entire countryside came alive with rebellion. An estimated 20,000 militiamen streamed in from farms, hamlets, villages and towns all over New England, and they surrounded the city of Boston. General Thomas Gage and his roughly 4,000 soldiers were outnumbered five to one, and they were trapped. Exactly three weeks after Lexington and Concord, the Second Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia. Congress needed someone to hurry to Boston to take control of the impromptu army which now surrounded the city, and the delegates turned to Virginia representative George Washington. On June 15, 1775, Congress appointed George Washington general and commander in chief of the force that would be called the Continental Army. Two days later, the militiamen outside Boston, some of whom would form the first regiments of that army, received their first taste of battle. British General Thomas Gage had received 2,000 reinforcements from Britain in early June to bring his total to 6,000 soldiers, and he quickly tried to break the siege of Boston. General William Howe led 2,000 troops across the Charles river to Charlestown to try to take the high hills, which would be good placements for artillery during the battle, which would be known as Bunker Hill, but was actually fought on Breed's Hill. The British troops captured both hills from the colonial defenders, but success came at a heavy cost. The British lost 300 killed and 700 wounded, and they promptly gave up the ground they had just won. General Howe's Force retreated to Boston, where all British troops would remain bottled up for the next nine months. Two weeks after the Battle of Bunker Hill, the new colonial commander, George Washington, arrived in Boston to take control of the siege. In October 1775, five months into the siege, Parliament recalled General Thomas Gage to Britain and placed General William Howe in charge of all British forces in the colonies. At the time, it was a dubious honor for Howe because there wasn't much he could do while his army was completely surrounded by the Continental Army. A month later, George Washington authorized a roundabout plan to gain a bigger advantage. He agreed to send colonial soldiers to Canada to liberate Quebec and Montreal. The colonists thought that if they could free both cities from British control and return them to the French, the French would help them with their cause. Against the British, Major General Richard Montgomery successfully captured Montreal. But the combined army of Montgomery and Major General Benedict Arnold could not take Quebec. Ultimately, the mission failed, and the troops who were not captured eventually retreated to the colonies. By January 1776, the stalemate at Boston had dragged on for eight long months. But even then, colonial leaders knew they had to start prepping for a wider conflict. George Washington sent his second in command, Maj. Gen. Charles Lee, to New York to start fortifying the colony. While Lee built defenses in New York and Washington supervised the siege of Boston, the British were anxious to. For any action, British Commander in chief William Howe sent Major General Henry Clinton and a small force from Boston down to the southern colonies. Clinton was supposed to unite with reinforcements who were sailing across the Atlantic from Britain and then attack Charleston, South Carolina, the most prominent port city in the southern colonies. And while Clinton and his force sailed south, everything changed in the north. Colonel Henry Knox, Chief of Colonial Artillery, led a daring 300 mile round trip mission to retrieve 58 cannon from Fort Ticonderoga in upstate New York and drag them through the deep snow to Boston. Over the course of one night, March 4, the Continental army arranged the cannon on Dorchester Heights above Boston. The colonial army could now bombard the British in Boston relentlessly. And General Howe knew he had lost this round. Twelve days later, on St Patrick's Day, March 17, all the British soldiers and citizens who were loyal to Britain sailed out of Boston and went north to the Canadian island of nova Scotia. The 11 month siege was done and Boston was back in colonial control. It was a victory for the colonies, but a small one. It wasn't the end of the conflict, or even the beginning of the end. It was the end of the beginning. In the spring of 1776, the conflict briefly spread to the southern colonies before it erupted into a full scale war in the northern colonies. While British Commander in Chief William Howe had been trapped in Boston, he sent Major General Henry Clinton and a small force to the Carolinas. If the British couldn't break the siege of Boston anytime soon, they would reassert dominance over the southern colonies and work their way north from there. In response, the Second Continental Congress sent General Charles Lee down from New York. Throughout April and May of 1776, while General Howe and the refugees from Boston regrouped on Nova Scotia, reinforcements from Britain, led by Major General Charles Lord Cornwallis arrived in the Carolinas. On June 28, the Combined Force of Generals Clinton and Cornwallis tried to capture Charleston, South Carolina General Charles Lee, Colonel William Moultrie and the colonial force repelled the attackers and retained control of Charleston. And while the first battle in the south happened, General George Washington stood on the southern tip of Manhattan island in New York and watched British Commander in Chief William Howe return to the colonies with 45 ships of soldiers who had spent the past three months on Nova Scotia. The fight was coming to New York as everyone knew it would. Washington's 10,000 men were at work extending the fortifications which had been started by General Lee before he had been sent to the Carolinas. But despite their best efforts and non stop work, Washington worried it wouldn't be enough. Washington's staff had spent time training the soldiers, but the results were mixed. Some had no interest in formal military training. Some had been interested in helping with the local fight in Boston, but had no interest in traveling the country to participate in a wider war. They were all for independence, but they also had farms to run and families to protect. And then some. Some, like units from Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, were ready and willing for army life and they were anxious to get at the British. They would have all they could handle soon enough. On July 1, 1776, the delegates of 13 colonies voted to declare independence from Great Britain. Three days later, on July 4, they formalized the vote by writing and signing a document called the Declaration of Independence. The rebellion was now a revolution, the conflict was now a war, and the stakes were unprecedented. No British colony had ever declared independence from the empire, and certainly none had ever been foolish enough to signal their intent to fight a war against arguably the strongest army and strongest navy in the world. But that was the situation in North America. As George Washington spent the summer of 1776 watching 400 ships sail into lower New York Bay to start the war in earnest. British General William Howe and his roughly 6,000 soldiers from Nova Scotia arrived first. Then 2,000 Highlanders from Scotland and more regular troops arrived from Britain. Then an estimated 8,000 Hessian soldiers who had been hired by the British arrived from Germany. Then Generals Clinton and Cornwallis arrived with their force from the southern colonies. All told, between 25 and 30,000 soldiers offloaded on Staten island during the summer of 1776. General George Washington was right to be worried. The full scale war began on August 27, 1776 when General Howe led 15,000 soldiers across the bay to Long Island. The British army started attacking colonial troops and fortifications well before dawn. Throughout the day, the British force steamrolled the meager colonial defenses and outnumbered colonial soldiers. Colonial soldiers who were not killed or captured fell back to the village of Brooklyn on the western tip of the island. There, late in the day, A group of 400 soldiers from Maryland and Delaware made a heroic stand which allowed the rest of the troops to retreat to the series of trouble colonial forts in Brooklyn. Rather than attack the forts after 14 hours of marching and fighting, General Howe chose to dig trenches outside the colonial earthworks and prepare for a siege. That night the colonial troops ferried themselves across the east river to Manhattan. The Battle of Brooklyn, also called the Battle of Long island, was a resounding British victory. A couple weeks later the British in invaded Manhattan. The British landed at Kips Bay and forced the colonials to retreat from Lower Manhattan up to Harlem Heights. The colonials battered the British in the fight at Harlem Heights and it boosted American morale, but it did not stop the British advance. George Washington and the main Continental army crossed the Harlem river and left Manhattan Island. They retreated north to a supply base at White Plains, New York. The main British army followed and on October 28th attacked and overwhelmed the Continental army again. The Maryland and Delaware regiments fought bravely and distinguished themselves, but they were badly outnumbered. George Washington and the survivors escaped White Plains, crossed the Hudson river and regrouped in New Jersey as the weather grew colder. Meanwhile, there were still colonial troops back down on the northern tip of Manhattan island at a place now called Washington Heights. There were twin forts, one in Harlem called Fort Washington and one directly across the Hudson river in New Jersey called Fort Lee. The Continental army still controlled both forts and used their cannon to hammer British warships in the Hudson River. When British General William Howe finished routing the main American army at White Plains, he turned back south and focused on capturing Forts Washington and Lee. With 15,000 British attackers versus 2,000 colonial defenders, the British took both forts and hundreds of colonial prisoners. George Washington could not Afford the losses. The British captured Fort Lee on November 20, 1776, and that made it a clean, clean sweep. During almost exactly three months of fighting, the British had pushed the colonial army all the way out of New York. Winter set in and Washington's army was freezing and starving. Their clothes were in tatters and a shocking number did not have shoes. For many soldiers, their one year enlistment in the army would end on January 1, 1777. Washington knew that if his army dissolved without a meaningful victory, there would be very little hope of recruiting new soldiers to a war which felt like a lost cause. He was down to his last chance to keep the revolution alive. He believed that chance would come on Christmas. On Christmas night, Washington bet that the 1500 Hessian soldiers across the river in Trenton would be drunkenly celebrating the holiday that was not the time to attack. Washington split his army of 6,000 soldiers in half. One half would be the assault force, one half would be the blocking force. Washington, Major General Nathaniel Greene and Major General John Sullivan would lead the 2,400 soldiers of the assault force across the river 10 miles above Trenton, then march down to the town and attack from the north and west. The other half of the army, 2,600 soldiers, would cross the river south of Trenton and split in two. One unit would guard a nearby creek to stop the Hessians from escaping. The other would block the main road south of town to stop British soldiers from reinforcing the Hessians. With the plan in place, the army mobilized as a nasty blizzard struck the area. The men moved through whipping snow and freezing cold and loaded into boats to ferry themselves across the Delaware River. The blizzard and the ice in the water stopped the entire blocking force from reaching the other side. None of them made it across the Delaware. Washington's assault force made it across the river, but it took longer than expected. At 3 o' clock in the morning, when Washington hoped to be attacking the town, his army was just beginning the 10 mile march to Trenton. Washington had no blocking force, but he was past the point of no return. You thought this was your run club era. Turns out it was more of a thinking about run club era. The good news? Someone's marathon training is about to start. Sell your workout gear on Depop. Just snap a few photos and we'll take care of the rest. They get their race day fit and you get a payout for trying. Someone on Depop wants what you've got. Start selling now, Depop. Where taste recognizes taste.
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it took five hours to reach the town and form the men into lines of battle north of town. Nathaniel Greene's column, which was commanded by George Washington, quickly surprised and routed a small Hessian outpost west of town on River Road. John Sullivan's column did the same to the north. Washington and Greene formed their men into battle lines to block the two roads, King street and Queen street, which led into town to the west. Sullivan split his army into two groups. The first group stayed on River Road and marched into town from the west. The second veered south of town to set up the blocking positions, which were supposed to have been established by the half of the army that didn't make it across the river. They guarded the main road that led south out of town and the creek that circled the area. The two columns began their attack a little after 8:00 in the morning. They were attacking far later than Washington wanted, but thanks to the blizzard and the Christmas celebration, his army had retained the element of surprise. The Hessians in town had no hint of the American army until the two columns hit the Hessian outposts on the edge of town. And even then, many of the Hessian soldiers in Trenton had no clue that a battle was about to begin. They were trapped. Before they knew it, Hessian soldiers on the north side of town stumbled out of their homes and formed battle lines in the streets. They tried to repel the colonials, but Washington and Greene's artillery tore into them. The colonial soldiers pushed into town and drove the Hessians to the east, toward an apple orchard. Washington and Greene shifted their lines to the east to stop the Hessians from crossing a stream and hurrying up the road that led to Princeton south and west of the town. General Sullivan's column had even more success, with most of the Hessians concentrated on the north side of town. One of Sullivan's detachments stormed into town from the west and drove the Hessians through the streets. Now all the Hessians were moving to the east. Colonial soldiers were pressing from the north, south and west, and they herded the beleaguered Hessians into open fields on the east side of town. The Hessian commander, Colonel Johann Rall, staggered out of his quarters while his men were retreating to the field. Even though they were surrounded, he ordered them to form up and retake the town. The American soldiers opened fire from three sides, and the final barrage ended the Hessians resistance. Colonel Rall was severely wounded, but before he died, he surrendered his three regiments to George Washington. Washington had pulled off a Christmas miracle. At long last, the Continental army had a clear and decisive victory. The colonial assault force suffered no fatalities and only five injuries. During the Battle of Trenton on December 26, 1776, the Hessians suffered 22 killed, 83 wounded, and 900 captured. Roughly 500 Hessians and some civilians from Trenton had been able to flee the town before General Sullivan's column could block it. But the victory was still a resounding achievement for the Continental army. And now George Washington had to hope he could convince his men to do it again. Various British units were scattered around New Jersey, and Washington knew the British would organize a counterattack. Washington's army ferried the Hessian prisoners across the Delaware river to the colonial camp in Pennsylvania. Then Washington moved his army back across the river to Trenton. On December 30, the enlistments of most of his soldiers were up in two days. On January 1, he implored them with a passionate speech to stay on for one more month to capitalize on the momentum of Trenton. His speech, plus $10 in bonus pay, convinced the men to stick with the campaign. Meanwhile, British General Charles Lord Cornwallis was coalescing the scattered British troops in New Jersey into one army. Attack Washington's force. The troops gathered at the town of Princeton, 11 miles up the road from Trenton. There was only one road that connected the two towns, and Washington stationed a unit on the road to delay British reinforcements. On January 2, Cornwallis led 5,500 men down the road toward Trenton. The colonial force on the Princeton road numbered about 900 men. All day long, the Americans did exactly what they were supposed to do. They delayed an army that outnumbered them six to one so that Washington's main army could continue to fortify a Defensive position across the creek south of Trenton. The colonial unit led by Colonel Edward Hand fought and fell back. Fought and fell back. In the early afternoon they found covered positions and held the British army on the road for two solid hours. Then after a fierce firefight at about 3pm the Colonial Unit retreated back through Trenton and joined the main army on the other side of the only bridge over the creek. With two hours of daylight left, General Cornwallis decided to press the attack. His men would need to cross the narrow stone bridge over the creek and then assault the colonial position which was fortified with cannon. As units of Hessians and then British regulars tried to cross the bridge, the Continental army shredded them with musket fire and cannon fire in a moment of foreshadowing. The bloody fight at the bridge was a smaller version of the Battle of Antietam in the American Civil War. Ninety years later, British soldiers fell in waves until Cornwallis finally decided the cost of crossing the bridge bridge was too high. That night the British settled into camp on the north side of the creek and the Continentals settled into camp on the south side. Cornwallis assumed the battle would resume the next day. But Washington had no intention of fighting a set piece battle with a huge British force when he could attack the smaller force that was held in reserve at Princeton. During the night of January 2, Washington quietly moved moved his entire army away from the creek south of Trenton. They followed the creek northward, looped around Cornwallis's army and then crossed the creek. When they were safely away from the British, they made it to the Princeton road which is now called Princeton Avenue or Princeton pike depending on where you're at on the road and headed north toward Princeton. There were 1500 British soldiers Garrisoned at Princeton, a town which had been home to the College of New Jersey since 1756. One hundred forty years later, in 1896, the college would change its name to Princeton university. On the third day of January 1777, Washington's 4,500 troops approached the town that was guarded by 1,500 British reserves. A few miles outside of town, Washington's men spotted British soldiers on the farm of William Clark. The British commander of the reserves was moving his men south to join Cornwallis main army. At the same time Washington's army was moving north to attack the reserves. Both forces were caught off guard. But the surprise worked in favor of the British. Washington sent a detachment over to William Clark's farm to investigate the British troops troop movements. The detachment ran straight into a veteran British infantry regiment. The two sides exchanged volleys of musket fire, but the British routed the colonials with a vicious bayonet charge. Washington sent a second regiment to reinforce the first, and the same thing happened. The reinforcements fell to a British bayonet charge. Washington had triple the numbers, but the battle hardened veterans of the British British Regular army were on the verge of winning the fight. The colonial survivors turned and ran back to the main army until they ran into George Washington riding tall on his horse, who personally led the third wave of reinforcements. As more Continental soldiers flooded the battlefield, they forced the British commander to signal retreat. British soldiers scattered in three directions and the Continental army won the Battle of Princeton. After the battle, George Washington moved the army north to its winter quarters at Morristown, New Jersey. They didn't try to hold Trenton or Princeton. They didn't have the numbers to occupy towns. But with three victories in 10 days, morale in the army and in the colonies soared. The actions from December 25, 1776 to January 3, 1777 became known as the Ten Day Campaign. The pair of battles at Trenton and Princeton saved the war effort for the colonies, but nine months later, the colonies would need another heroic pair of battles to save them from defeat yet again. Next time on Legends of the Old west when the Revolutionary War resumes in the spring of 1777, the British go after the American capital of Philadelphia. After a series of devastating losses in Pennsylvania, Independence once again hangs in the balance until an American army led by Benedict Arnold and Daniel Morgan orchestrates a pair of shocking victories outside of Saratoga, New York. That's Next time on Legends of the Old west. To binge all the episodes of a new season and to listen to every episode of the podcast with no commercials. Subscribe in Apple Podcasts or sign up through the link in the Show Notes or on our website Black Barrel Media. This series was researched, written and produced by me, Chris Wimmer. Original music by Rob Valiere. Thanks for listening. Foreign. 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Check responses. Setup required.
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