In our second introductory episode, we focus on life in the Nazi concentration camps and offer a glimpse into the experiences of LGBTQ people in occupied countries during WWII as we continue to set the context for the eight profile episodes to follow.

Visit our episode webpage for additional resources, archival photos, and a transcript of the episode.

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-The following interview segments are from the archive of the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education:

Walter Schwarze, © 1997 USC Shoah Foundation
Kitty Fischer, © 1995 USC Shoah Foundation

For more information about the USC Shoah Foundation, go here.

-The Leo Classen excerpt is taken from “Die Dornenkrone: Ein Tatsachenbericht aus der Strafkompanie Sachsenhausen” (“The Crown of Thorns: A Factual Report from the Sachsenhausen Penal Company”), Humanitas: Monatsschrift für Menschlichkeit und Kultur 2, no. 2 (1954): 59-60.

-Audio of the 1990 interview with Josef Kohout used by permission of QWIEN, the Center for Queer History in Vienna.

-The Josef Kohout book excerpts are from Heinz Heger’s The Men with the Pink Triangle, Haymarket Books, Chicago, 2023. Used by permission of the publisher. Original German edition Die Männer mit dem rosa Winkel © 1972/2014 MERLIN VERLAG Andreas Meyer Verlags GmbH. & Co. KG, Gifkendorf, Germany. English translation by David Fernbach © 2004 MERLIN VERLAG Andreas Meyer Verlags GmbH. & Co. KG, Gifkendorf, Germany.

-The following interview segments are courtesy of the Jeff and Toby Herr Oral History Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C.:

RG-50.578.0001, oral history interview with Gerald B. Rosenstein
RG-50.030.0270, oral history interview with Rose Szywic Warner
RG-50.030.0037, oral history interview with Tiemon Hofman

For more information about the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, go here.

-Arthur Haulot audio courtesy of the Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies, Yale University Library.

-The Ruth Maier excerpts are from Ruth Maier’s Diary by Ruth Maier. Copyright © Gyldendal Norsk Forlag AS, 2007. English translation copyright © Jamie Bulloch, 2009. Used by permission of The Random House Group Limited.

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